构建中国通用航空保险制度的路径研究  

Path to Construct China’s General Aviation Insurance System

作　　者：王国军[1] 马倩 WANG Guojun;MA Qian(School of Insurance and Economics,University of International Business and Economics,Beijing 100029,China)

机构地区：[1]对外经济贸易大学保险学院,北京100029

出　　处：《北京航空航天大学学报（社会科学版）》2022年第5期139-152,共14页Journal of Beijing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics：Social Sciences edition Edition

基　　金：国家留学生基金委员会国内外联合培养博士研究生项目(CSC202006640053)。

摘　　要：通用航空保险分散低空飞行风险、增强产业经济带动效应的核心功能是多元化解中国通用航空产业发展矛盾及困境的有效助力。研究发现,中国通用航空保险风险转移能力受限,且防灾减损功能缺失,其中,通用航空器运营者(所有者)保险有效针对性不足、飞行员保险保障低下和航空运动保险缺位问题突出。在法规条例缺位、行业背景支撑不足以及承保技术落后和管理组织集中化的背景下,通用航空保险发展受阻,难以发挥缓解产业发展困境的作用。在此基础上,提出走出困境、筹建并优化中国通用航空保险制度的可行路径:制定《通用航空保险条例》,并撰写配套的《通用航空保险操作指南》,完善中国通用航空保险法律制度;分阶段建立以传统商业保险为主体、航空运动保险为重点、自保公司为补充的通用航空保险体系;筹建通用航空安全服务体系,缓解通用航空保险防灾减损功能缺失现状。The core function of general aviation insurance is to diversify low altitude flight risks and enhance the driving effect of industrial economy,which is conducive to resolving the contradictions and difficulties in the development of China’s general aviation industry.The study finds that China’s general aviation insurance has limited ability to transfer risks and lacks the function of disaster prevention and loss reduction.Among them,the most obvious problems are the ineffectiveness and ambiguous pertinence of the insurance of general aviation aircraft operator(owner),low pilot insurance and absence of aviation sports insurance.Because of lack of relevant laws and regulations,insufficient support from insurance industry and backward underwriting technology,the development of general aviation insurance is hindered and it is difficult for general aviation insurance to play a role in alleviating the plight of industrial development.Based on this,this paper puts forward a feasible path to get out of the dilemma,and to prepare for and optimize China’s general aviation insurance system.It is advised to formulate the General Aviation Insurance Regulations and corresponding General Aviation Insurance Operation Guide to improve China’s general aviation insurance legal system.It is also important to establish in stages a general aviation insurance system with traditional commercial insurance as the main body,aviation sports insurance as the focus and self-insurance companies as the supplement.In addition,it is necessary to actively prepare for the establishment of a general aviation safety service system to deal with the situation of lack of the function of disaster prevention and loss reduction of general aviation insurance.

关 键 词：通用航空保险 通用航空事故 航空运动 精算定价 风险评估 

分 类 号：D993.4[政治法律—国际法学] D922.284[政治法律—法学]