“系(係、繫)”的词义演化和语法化  

Meaning Extension and Grammaticaliation of“Xi(系/繫/係)”

作　　者：宓嘉祥 Mi Jiaxiang(School of Literature,Shandong University,Ji’nan 250100,China)

机构地区：[1]山东大学文学院,山东济南250100

出　　处：《现代语文》2022年第9期69-76,共8页Modern Chinese

摘　　要：汉语中的三个同形词“系”源出于一。“系”主要有两条语法化路径:一条是抽象化路径,体现为动词“系”实现从连接语义成分到连接语法成分的跃迁;另一条是条件化路径,体现为“系”由单音节词转化为类词缀、词缀和主观性标记的趋向,其主要表现是“X系”类说法的形成与广泛使用。抽象化、条件化两条路径的实质是“系”的主观化。“X系”结构的广泛使用是外语借词激活和汉语语义背景共同作用的结果。The three morphologys of Chinese word“xi(系)”have the same source.“Xi(系)”has two grammaticaliation paths.One is a path of abstraction,emboding in the function of the verb“xi(系)”changed from connecting semantic components to connecting grammatical components.The other path is a conditional path,emboding in the transformation of“xi(系)”from monosyllabic word to quasi-affix,affix and subjectivity mark.The main manifestation of this path is the formation and widely use of“X Xi(系)”structure.This two paths essentially reflected the evolution of subjectivisation of“xi(系)”.The widely use of the“X Xi(系)”structure is the result of both loanwords of foreign language and Chinese semantic background.

关 键 词：“系” “X系” 语法化 词义引申 抽象化 条件化 

分 类 号：H14[语言文字—汉语]