动载与长轴位置关系对椭圆形洞室围岩冲击岩爆影响试验研究  

Experimental study on influence of positional relationship between dynamic load and long axis on impact rockburst in an elliptical cavern

作　　者：王炀 刘冬桥[4] 任富强[5] 胡天祥 何满潮 WANG Yang;LIU Dong-qiao;REN Fu-qiang;HU Tian-xiang;HE Man-chao(Institute of Geomechanics,Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences,Beijing 100081,China;Key Laboratory of Active Tectonics and Geological Safety,Ministry of Natural Resources,Beijing 100081,China;Research Center of Neotectonism and Crustal Stability,China Geological Survey,Beijing 100081,China;State Key Laboratory for Geomechanics and Deep Underground Engineering,China University of Mining and Technology,Beijing 100083,China;School of Civil Engineering,University of Science and Technology Liaoning,Anshan,Liaoning 114051,China)

机构地区：[1]中国地质科学院地质力学研究所,北京100081 [2]自然资源部活动构造与地质安全重点实验室,北京100081 [3]中国地质调查局新构造地稳定性研究中心,北京100081 [4]中国矿业大学(北京)深部岩土力学与地下工程国家重点实验室,北京100083 [5]辽宁科技大学土木工程学院,辽宁鞍山114051

出　　处：《岩土力学》2022年第9期2347-2359,共13页Rock and Soil Mechanics

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(No.41941018,No.52074299);中央高校基本科研业务费资助(No.2021JCCXSB03);地质力学研究所基本科研业务费(No.DZLXJK202210)。

摘　　要：为探究扰动荷载与椭圆形洞室长轴的相对位置关系对冲击岩爆特征的影响机制,采用含椭圆形孔洞的长方体试样,在真三轴加载条件下,设置了扰动方向与椭圆长轴平行和垂直的两种位置关系,开展了椭圆形洞室冲击岩爆试验。结合录像装置,从岩爆弹射破坏过程、弹射速度、破坏模式及碎屑尺度几个方面讨论了椭圆形洞室冲击岩爆特征差异。试验结果表明,两种不同位置关系的试样岩爆过程相同,并且爆坑都呈现出V字型。扰动方向与椭圆长轴垂直的试样在初始破坏应力、岩爆破坏应力、岩爆弹射速度,爆坑尺寸、碎屑质量以及粗粒碎屑占比上均要小于扰动方向与椭圆长轴平行的试样。扰动方向与椭圆长轴垂直的试样的碎屑特征主要表现为薄片长条状。扰动方向与椭圆长轴平行的试样能明显提升洞室结构的承载力,但是岩爆现象更加剧烈,其碎屑特征主要表现为厚板状。In order to explore the influence of the relative positional relationship between the dynamic load and the long axis of the elliptical cavern on the characteristics of impact rockburst,a cuboid sample with an elliptical hole is prepared.With two positional relationships of disturbance direction parallel or perpendicular to the long axis of the elliptical cavern,the elliptical cavern impact rockburst experiments are carried out.With the aid of video recording device,the characteristics of the impact rockburst of the elliptical cavern are discussed in terms of damage process of rockburst ejection,ejection speed,failure mode and fragment size.The experimental results show that the rockburst processes of the two samples with different positional relationships are the same,and the rockburst pits are all V-shaped.The initial failure stress,rockburst stress,rockburst ejection velocity,rockburst pit size,fragment mass and proportion of coarse-grained fragments of the samples whose disturbance direction is perpendicular to the long axis of the ellipse are smaller than those of the samples whose disturbance direction is parallel to the long axis.The fragment characteristics of the samples whose disturbance direction is perpendicular to the long axis of the ellipse are mainly presented as thin stripes.The samples whose disturbance direction is parallel to the long axis of the ellipse can significantly improve the bearing capacity of the cavern structure.However,the rockburst phenomenon is more severe and its debris characteristics are mainly of thick plate.

关 键 词：椭圆形洞室 长短轴 冲击岩爆 弹射速度 碎屑特征 

分 类 号：TU452[建筑科学—岩土工程]