生态茶园内涵、模式及发展策略  

Connotation,mode and development strategy of ecological tea plantation

作　　者：尚怀国 周泽宇[1] 杨文[2] 杜建斌 王克健 冷杨[1] SHANG Huaiguo;ZHOU Zeyu;YANG Wen;DU Jianbin;WANG Kejian;LENG Yang(National Agro-Tech Extension&Service Center,Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs,Beijing 100125,China;Tea Research Institute,Guizhou Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Guiyang 550006,China;Department of Planting Industry Management,Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs,Beijing 100125,China)

机构地区：[1]全国农业技术推广服务中心,北京100125 [2]贵州省农业科学院茶叶研究所,贵阳550006 [3]农业农村部种植业管理司,北京100125

出　　处：《华中农业大学学报》2022年第5期9-15,共7页Journal of Huazhong Agricultural University

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目(2021YFD1601100)。

摘　　要：为破解茶园因忽视生态建设造成的问题,提高茶园生态、经济及社会效益,促进新时代生态茶园的科学发展,本文对生态茶园概念的演变历程和新的内涵进行了概述,就部分茶区在长期实践中探索出的生态茶园模式进行了总结,在此基础上,提出了茶树-次要植物块状复合、立体复合和综合复合等3种新的生态茶园模式定义及其建设要点。同时,针对生态茶园发展过程中存在的主要问题,从构建生态茶园理念推广应用体系、完善生态茶园技术体系、拓展生态茶园文旅服务功能、构建生态茶园碳汇方法学、建立生态茶园认证体系等方面提出了推进我国生态茶园发展的建议。Tea is an important cash crop in China,and its planting area ranks first in the world.With the large-scale development of tea plantations,a large number of natural vegetation complexes have been cut down to concentrate and connect.The biodiversity of tea plantations is decreasing day by day,resulting in the deterioration of surface ecology and soil ecology,the aggravation of plant diseases and insect pests,and the decline of tea yield and quality.In order to solve the problems caused by the neglect of ecological construction in tea plantations and improve the ecological,economic and social benefits of tea plantations,the tea industry in the new era urgently needs to develop ecological tea plantations.This article reviewed the evolution of the ecological tea plantation concept and the development of its connotation.The ecological tea plantation model explored in the long-term practice of some tea areas was summarized.On this basis,this article puts forward the definitions and construction points of three new modes of ecological tea plantation,i.e.block mixture,three-dimensional and integrated mixture of tea trees and secondary plants in ecological tea plantation.In terms of the main problems existing in the development of ecological tea plantation,some suggestions including building the promotion and application system of the ecological tea plantation theory,improving the technical system of the ecological tea plantation,expanding the cultural and tourism service functions of the ecological tea plantation,constructing the carbon sink methodology of ecological tea plantation,and establishing the certification system of ecological tea plantation were put forward to promote the development of ecological tea plantation in China.

关 键 词：生态茶园 建园模式 茶产业 乡村振兴 绿色发展 低碳生产 茶文化 

分 类 号：TU986[建筑科学—城市规划与设计]