辽河三角洲湿地鸟类活动的双偏振天气雷达回波特征  

Dual-Polarization Weather Radar Echo Characteristics ofAvian Activities in the Liaohe River Delta Wetland

作　　者：姚文 张晶 余清波 曾娅杰 程雷 张国平[5] 李黎 崔福涛 赵月 YAO Wen;ZHANG Jing;YU Qingbo;ZENG Yajie;CHENG Lei;ZHANG Guoping;LI Li;CUI Futao;ZHAO Yue(Yingkou Meteorological Office of Liaoning Province,Yingkou 115001;Jilin Meteorological Information and Networking Center,Changchun 130062;Dashiqiao Center for Nature Resources Affairs of Liaoning Province,Yingkou 115100;Dandong Meteorological Office of Liaoning Province,Dandong 118001;CMA Public Meteorological Service Centre,Beijing 100081)

机构地区：[1]辽宁省营口市气象局,营口115001 [2]吉林省气象信息网络中心,长春130062 [3]辽宁省大石桥市自然资源事务中心,营口115100 [4]辽宁省丹东市气象局,丹东118001 [5]中国气象局公共气象服务中心,北京100081

出　　处：《气象》2022年第9期1162-1170,共9页Meteorological Monthly

基　　金：国家重点研发计划(2020YFB1600103);国家自然科学基金项目(41871020);辽宁省自然科学基金项目(2021-YKLH-17);辽宁省气象局科研课题(202110)共同资助。

摘　　要：利用2018—2020年3年的营口CINRAD/SA单、双偏振天气雷达资料,对探测到的辽河三角洲湿地及周边区域的鸟类清晨离开栖息地的活动进行分析,结果表明:辽河三角洲及附近湿地鸟类活动存在明显的季节变化和明显的日变化。雷达能够探测到的飞鸟回波集中在7月下旬到10月中旬,其中8—9月最为明显;飞鸟回波出现时刻与天亮时刻呈现明显的正相关性。飞鸟回波在反射率产品上呈现明显的圆环形态特征,最强可以达到40 dBz以上;在速度产品上呈辐散特征;在大风速情况下,飞鸟回波明显向下风向偏移。飞鸟回波的差分反射率(Z_(DR))分布不均匀,最大可达3~7 dB。飞鸟回波的相关系数(CC)小而均匀,与地物回波不同,与回波反射率因子强度相关,当反射率强度大于30 dBz时,相关系数介于0.7~0.8,当反射率强度小于30 dBz时,相关系数大都小于0.6。双偏振天气雷达产品对飞鸟回波的识别有明显的优越性,可以有效地在降水中剔除飞鸟回波,提高短时临近预报的准确性;但差分相移率(K_(DP))和粒子分类产品(HCL)对飞鸟回波没有反映。Based on the CINRAD/SA and dual-polarization weather radar data of Yingkou in Liaoning Province during 2018-2020,the early morning departure activities of birds from their habitats in the Liaohe River Delta Wetland and the surrounding areas are analyzed.The results show that there are obvious seasonal and daily changes in the activities of birds in the Liaohe River Delta and the nearby wetland.The echo of birds detected by weather radar is concentrated from late July to mid October,especially from August to September.There is a positive correlation between the time of bird echo and the time of daybreak.The echo of birds shows obvious ring-shape characteristics on the reflectivity products,and the strongest can reach more than 40 dBz.In terms of Doppler velocity products,they are divergent.In the case of high wind speed,the echo of the birds deviates significantly to the downwind direction.The distribution of difference reflection(Z_(DR))of the bird echo is not uniform,and the maximum reflectivity is 3-7 dB.The correlation coefficient(CC)of the bird echo is small and uniform,which is different from the ground echo,and is related to the intensity of the reflection factor of the echo.When the reflection intensity is greater than 30 dBz,CC is between 0.7-0.8.When the reflection intensity is less than 30 dBz,CC is mostly less than 0.6.Dual polarization radar products have obvious advantages in the recognition of bird echo,which can effectively eliminate the bird echo in precipitation and improve the accuracy of short-term and nowcasting forecast.However,the differential phase shift rate(K_(DP))and HCL do not reflect the echo of birds.

关 键 词：双偏振天气雷达 飞鸟回波 探测质量 

分 类 号：P412[天文地球—大气科学及气象学]