从《红楼梦》看曹雪芹的思想偏见  

CAO Xueqin’s Ideological Prejudice Shown inA Dream of Red Mansions

作　　者：傅承洲[1] FU Chengzhou(School of Literature,Minzu University of China,Beijing,100081,China)

机构地区：[1]中央民族大学文学院,北京100081

出　　处：《内江师范学院学报》2022年第9期1-7,共7页Journal of Neijiang Normal University

基　　金：国家社科基金后期资助项目“文人与明清白话小说”(18FZW021)。

摘　　要：基于《红楼梦》的成就,学界对作者曹雪芹的思想给予高度评价。然曹雪芹在小说中对人物言论、行为和性格的刻画显示,其思想存在明显的偏见。他借宝玉之口说女儿清爽,男子混浊。在《红楼梦》中,女孩个个光彩照人,而男人都是渣滓浊沫。在曹雪芹看来,女性之贵贱,与年龄相关。未出嫁的女孩,像颗无价宝珠;一旦嫁人,就没有了光泽;老了,就成了死鱼眼睛。无论是主子还是仆人,小姐比太太高洁,丫鬟比老妈子聪慧。在曹雪芹的笔下,无论是人品、才学,还是容貌、气质,嫡子卓尔不群,庶出顽劣不堪。按性别、年龄、婚姻和出身来定性清浊、善恶、贵贱、优劣,显然是一种偏见。Due to A Dream of Red Mansions,CAO Xueqin’s thought has been highly evaluated by the academic circle.However,there exists obvious prejudice in his description of figures’ words,behavior and characters of this novel.Through Baoyu’s mouth,he said that girl was fresh and boy turbid.In this work,all girls were notable and beautiful and all boys are feculence.In CAO’s eyes,the females’ nobility was closely related with their age.The unmarried girls were like treasures.But once if they got married,they would lose their brightness.Even the old women had the eyes like those of dead fish.Whether they were masters or servants,misses were nobler and more unsullied than wives.Further,slave girls were cleverer than old maidservants.Under his pen,in terms of moral standing,tanlent,looking or disposition,sons born of the legal wives were outstanding,but the illegitimates were stubborn and stupid.A person’s freshness,kindness,nobility or goodness were all determined by his or her gender,age,marriage and birth.This is completely a kind of prejudice.

关 键 词：《红楼梦》 曹雪芹 思想偏见 女清男浊 老贱少贵 嫡优庶劣 

分 类 号：I207.41[文学—中国文学]