京津冀外来入侵植物  

The alien invasive plants in Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei

作　　者：崔夏 刘全儒[2] 吴超然[1] 何宇飞 马金双 Xia Cui;Quanru Liu;Chaoran Wu;Yufei He;Jinshuang Ma(Beijing Botanical Garden,Beijing 100093;College of Life Sciences,Beijing Normal University,Beijing 100875)

机构地区：[1]北京市植物园管理处,北京100093 [2]北京师范大学生命科学学院,北京100875

出　　处：《生物多样性》2022年第8期147-156,共10页Biodiversity Science

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(31872645)。

摘　　要：基于文献报道和分类学考证,首次全面、系统而又完整地整理了京津冀近20年报道的46科141属210种外来入侵植物种类及信息。经过分析并校正分为国产种和入侵种两大类。国产种又包括一般国产种22科39属39种、国产逸生类9科13属13种、国产归化类3科3属4种、国产入侵类1科1属1种;外来种包括实则在京津冀没有达到入侵的温室及露地栽培类8科9属9种、外来逸生类12科32属36种、外来归化类10科19属20种、外来有待观察类6科6属6种,真正对京津冀构成入侵的外来植物20科48属82种。根据京津冀目前标本数目及采集时间、京津冀报道文献次数及具体内容描述,结合国家入侵等级及京津冀部分地区的实地考察情况,对82个入侵种进行入侵级别划分,分析并讨论了京津冀外来入侵物种的组成、原产地、分布特征、生活型和入侵途径以及京津冀外来入侵植物的危害现状,并提出防治及管理措施。Aim:To compose a comprehensive research report of alien plants that characterizes the taxonomic work of the last 20 years in Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei.Methods:A total of 46 families,composed of 141 genera and 210 species,that were previously reported as alien invasive plants were characterized on the basis of available literature reports,taxonomic studies,and field surveys in Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei.The primary considerations for the classification of invasive species were:(1)the number of specimens collected,(2)the time point of collection,(3)the amount of relevant literature reports,and(4)the level of national invasion determined through field investigation.Results:Based on taxonomic classification of the available data,57 and 153 species were broadly categorized as native and alien,respectively.Of those considered as alien plant species,82 species were determined to be invasive in Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei.Conclusions:Overall,the taxonomic work of the last 20 years in Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei has demonstrated an inaccurate representation of its resident alien invasive plant populations.This is particularly due to the lack of relevant research and basic knowledge.Therefore,it is necessary to launch a more comprehensive investigation on these plant populations to identify alien invasive plants more easily and to implement effective management strategies for Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei.

关 键 词：外来入侵植物 北京 天津 河北 

分 类 号：Q948[生物学—植物学]