杠柳花芽分化过程的形态解剖学特征  

Morphoanatomical Characteristics of Flower Bud during Differentiation in Periploca sepium

作　　者：于楷力 洪国 金英花[1] 吴松权[1] 全雪丽[1] YU Kaili;HONG Guo;JIN Yinghua;WU Songquan;QUAN Xueli(Agricultrual College,Yanbian Uniersity,Yanji,Jilin 133000,China)

机构地区：[1]延边大学农学院,吉林延吉133000

出　　处：《西北植物学报》2022年第8期1313-1319,共7页Acta Botanica Boreali-Occidentalia Sinica

基　　金：吉林省教育厅项目(JJKH20200523KJ);延边大学教学研究基金(延大教发2014[13]号);延边大学青年基金(延大科合字2017第28号)。

摘　　要：杠柳是萝藦科杠柳属蔓性灌木,是庭院、假山、林缘地带垂直绿化的地被植物。为了探究杠柳在吉林延边地区的生长节律以及花芽分化和开花动态,该研究以吉林向海湿地保护区采集的杠柳种子为材料,播种在延边大学农学院试验田,连续追踪5年进行观测,并采用田间观察和常规石蜡切片法对杠柳的生长节律和花芽分化各阶段形态解剖特征进行研究。结果表明:(1)在吉林延边地区,杠柳种子萌发后的第一年和第二年主要进行营养生长,第三年能形成花芽,进入生殖生长期。(2)在延边地区杠柳每年开花最早在5月末,花蕾期在5月末至6月初,始花期在6月初至6月中旬,盛花期在6月中旬至6月末,末花期在6月末至7月初,结果结实期在7月初到10月中旬。(3)杠柳于5月下旬开始进入花芽形态分化阶段,其花芽分化过程包括:未分化期、分化初期、花萼原基分化期、花瓣原基分化期、雄蕊原基分化期、雌蕊原基分化期和副花瓣原基分化期。Periploca sepium Bunge is a vine shrub of the Asclepiadaceae family Periploca genus, and is a ground cover plant for vertical greening in courtyards, rockeries and forest edges. In order to explore the growth rhythm of P. sepium and flower bud differentiation process in Yanbian, Jilin Province, in this paper, we sowed P. sepium seeds collected from the Jilin Xianghai Wetland Reserve in the experimental field of the School of Agriculture, Yanbian University, and observed the growth rhythm for five consecutive years. The morphological and anatomical characteristics of the growth rhythm and flower bud differentiation of P. sepium were studied by field observation and conventional paraffin slicing. The results showed:(1) in Yanbian, Jilin Province, the first and the second year, P. sepium conducts mainly for vegetative growth, and the third year can form flower buds and enter the reproductive growth period.(2) In Yanbian, the P. sepium blooms in late May, the bud period from late May to early June, the initial flowering period from mid-June to mid-June to late June, late June to early July, the fruiting period from early July to mid-October.(3) P. sepium starts to enter flower bud differentiation in late May. The bud differentiation process of P. sepium can be divided into undifferentiated stage, initial phase of differentiation, calyx primordium differentiation, petal primordium differentiation, stamen primordium differentiation, pistil primordium differentiation and paracorolla differentiation stage. The above research results clarify the anatomical characteristics of P. sepium growth rhythm and flower bud differentiation in Yanbian area, and play a practical role in landscaping application.

关 键 词：杠柳 花芽分化 生长节律 形态解剖 

分 类 号：Q944.58[生物学—植物学] S731[农业科学—林学]