稀土Y及热处理对6016铝合金组织与性能的影响  

Effect of Rare Earth Y and Heat Treatment on Microstructure and Properties of 6016 Aluminum Alloy

作　　者：卢博 李安敏 饶宇[1] 汪林忠 左天辰 胡杨 LU Bo;LI Anmin;RAO Yu;WANG Linzhong;ZUO Tianchen;HU Yang(College of Resources,Environment and Materials,Guangxi University,Nanning 530004,China;Center of Ecological Collaborative Innovation for Aluminum Industry in Guangxi,Nanning 530004,China;Guangxi Key Laboratory of Processing for Non-ferrous Metal and Featured Materials,Guangxi University,Nanning 530004,China)

机构地区：[1]广西大学资源环境与材料学院,南宁530004 [2]广西生态型铝产业协同创新中心,南宁530004 [3]广西大学广西有色金属及特色材料加工重点实验室,南宁530004

出　　处：《材料导报》2022年第19期135-142,共8页Materials Reports

基　　金：2021年中央引导地方科技发展资金专项(桂科ZY21195030);2017年第一批广西创新驱动发展专利(科技重大专项)项目(桂科AA17202008)。

摘　　要：为了提高6016铝合金的性能,通过金相显微镜(OM)、扫描电镜(SEM)、X射线衍射(XRD)、透射电镜(TEM)、电子背散射衍射(EBSD)等实验方法,研究了稀土元素钇(Y)及其含量和热处理工艺对6016铝合金的组织和拉伸性能的影响。结果表明:随着Y的添加,6016铝合金的晶粒明显细化,并且细化的晶粒分布趋于均匀,当Y的添加量为0.35%(质量分数)时,合金的晶粒细化效果、强度、断后伸长率达到最佳值,而当过量添加Y时,在相同的热处理状态下,合金力学性能有所降低。Y元素主要以Al 3Y、AlFeSiY化合物的形式存在于晶界上,能够促使再结晶形核率的增加,有利于小角度界面向大角度界面发展,对合金回复再结晶过程有积极作用。6016铝合金具有良好的烤漆硬化性,添加0.35%Y元素的合金经模拟烤漆6 h后,抗拉强度达到320 MPa,屈服强度达到270 MPa,相比于其T4p态,抗拉强度提升68 MPa,屈服强度提升116 MPa。In order to improve the performance of 6016 aluminum alloy,the effects of the rare earth Y and the heat treatment process on the microstructure and tensile properties of 6016 aluminum alloy were studied by means of OM,SEM,XRD,TEM and EBSD.The results show that with the addition of Y,the grain of 6016 aluminum alloy is obviously refined,and the grain distribution tends to be uniform.When the addition of Y is 0.35wt%,the grain refinement effect,strength and elongation of the alloy reach the best value.However,when the element Y is added too much,the mechanical properties are reduced under the same heat treatments condition.Element Y mainly exists in the form of Al 3Y and AlFeSiY compounds at the grain boundary,helping the nucleation rate of recrystallization increase,which is conducive to the development of small-angle boundary towards big-angle interface,and has a positive effect on the recrystallization process of alloy.6016 aluminum alloy has good paint hardening.The tensile strength and yield strength of the alloy with 0.35wt%Y element are up to 320 MPa and 270 MPa after simulated paint baking for 6 h.Compared with its T4p state,the tensile strength is improved by 68 MPa and the yield strength is improved by 116 MPa.

关 键 词：6016铝合金 晶粒细化 拉伸性能 再结晶 烤漆硬化效应 

分 类 号：TG14[一般工业技术—材料科学与工程]