2009—2019年北京地区老年髋部骨折流行病学特点及年度变化趋势分析  

Epidemiological characteristics and annual change trends of hip fractures in the elderly in some areas of Beijing from 2009 to 2019

作　　者：刘志伟[1] 叶欣[2] 高嘉琪 王聪[1] 赵斌[1] Zhiwei;Ye Xin;Gao Jiaqi;Wang Cong;Zhao Bin(Department of Emergency Medicine,Beijing Jishuitan Hospital,Beijing 100035,China)

机构地区：[1]北京积水潭医院急诊科,100035 [2]北京积水潭医院心内科,100035

出　　处：《北京医学》2022年第6期494-498,共5页Beijing Medical Journal

基　　金：北京市医院管理中心青年人才培养“青苗”计划(QML20210405)。

摘　　要：目的探讨北京地区老年髋部骨折患者的流行病学特点及年度变化趋势。方法选取2009年1月至2019年12月北京积水潭医院急诊科收治的老年骨折患者,分析老年髋部骨折占老年骨折的比例,患者年龄、性别、就诊季节、骨折类型的分布及年度变化趋势。结果2009—2019年发生老年骨折44929例次,老年髋部骨折11554例次,占老年骨折总人数的25.7%,该比例各年度无明显变化(R=-0.072,P=0.834)。男女患者分别占老年髋部骨折总人数的30.8%和69.2%,且女性患者比例逐年上升(R=0.975,P=0.003)。老年髋部骨折患者平均年龄为(79.4±7.7)岁,呈逐年增加趋势(R=0.943,P=0.000)。65~74岁、75~84岁、85~94岁和≥95岁患者分别占老年髋部骨折总人数的27.5%、45.9%、24.5%和2.1%。股骨颈、股骨粗隆间、股骨粗隆下、股骨粗隆和股骨头骨折患者分别占老年髋部骨折总人数的55.0%、42.3%、1.2%、1.5%和0.1%,股骨粗隆下骨折占比呈逐年增加趋势(R=0.687,P=0.020);春、夏、秋和冬季患者分别占老年髋部骨折总人数的23.8%、23.6%、27.4%和25.3%,各年度各季节老年髋部骨折占比均无明显变化。结论老年髋部骨折逐年增多,女性多于男性,且女性患者占比呈逐年增加趋势;平均年龄逐年增加,以75~84岁为主;骨折类型以股骨颈骨折和股骨粗隆间骨折为主;好发于秋冬季,各季节分布无明显变化。Objective To investigate the epidemiological characteristics and annual trends of elderly patients with hip fractures in Beijing.Methods The elderly patients with fractures admitted to the Department of Emergency,Beijing Jishuitan Hospital from January 2009 to December 2019 were selected.The proportion of hip fracture,distribution and annual trends of age,gender,seasons and fracture type in the elderly patients was analyzed.Results There were 44929 elderly fractures and11554 elderly hip fractures from 2009 to 2019.Hip fracture accounted for 25.7% of all elderly fractures,and the proportion had no significant change in recent years(R=-0.072,P=0.834).Male and female patients accounted for 30.8% and 69.2% of the total number of elderly hip fractures,respectively,and the proportion of female patients increased year by year(R=0.975,P=0.003).The mean age of elderly hip fracture patients was(79.4±7.7)years old,which increased year by year(R=0.943,P=0.000).Patients aged 65-74,75-84,85-94 and over 95 years accounted for 27.5%,45.9%,24.5%and 2.1% of the total elderly hip fractures,respectively.Femoral neck,intertrochanteric,subtrochanteric,femoral trochanteric and femoral head fractures accounted for 55.0%,42.3%,1.2%,1.5% and 0.1% of all elderly hip fracture patients,respectively.The proportion of subtrochanteric fractures increased year by year(R=0.687,P=0.020).Patients of spring,summer,autumn and winter accounted for 23.8%,23.6%,27.4% and 25.3%,respectively.There were no significant change in the proportion of elderly hip fractures in each season.Conclusions Hip fractures in the elderly are increasing year by year.There are more female patients than male patients with hip fracture in the elderly,and the proportion of female patients shows an increasing trend year by year.The mean age of elderly hip fracture patients increases year by year.Elderly hip fracture patients are mainly in the 75-84 age groups.The main types of hip fractures in the elderly are femoral neck fractures and intertrochanteric fractures.Hip fractures

关 键 词：髋部骨折 老年 急诊 流行病学 

分 类 号：R683.42[医药卫生—骨科学] R181.3[医药卫生—外科学]