军事飞行人员运动系统医学停飞疾病谱分析  

Disease spectrum of the motor system in permanently-grounded military aircrews

作　　者：张慧变 刘琳 于东睿 杜俊杰 王飞 张雁歌 苏芳 张莉莉 ZHANG Huibian;LIU Lin;YU Dongrui;DU Junjie;WANG Fei;ZHANG Yange;SU Fang;ZHANG Lili(The Aviation Physiological and Training Research,Air Force Medical Center,Beijing 100142,China;不详)

机构地区：[1]空军特色医学中心航空生理鉴定训练研究室,北京100142 [2]空军特色医学中心医研部,北京100142 [3]空军特色医学中心骨科,北京100142 [4]空军特色医学中心中西医结合正骨科,北京100142 [5]空军特色医学中心空天医学总体论证研究室,北京100142

出　　处：《空军航空医学》2022年第4期112-115,共4页AVIATION MEDICINE OF AIR FORCE

基　　金：全军后勤保障部综合计划局项目(空后战〔2021〕106号),军事航空医学专项培育计划(SXKT01)。

摘　　要：目的分析2003—2020年空军及陆军飞行人员运动系统医学停飞疾病谱的变化规律及年代、飞行时间、年龄、机种分布特点,增加航卫保障工作的预见性和主动性。方法采用回顾性调查研究的方法,收集2003—2020年飞行人员因运动系统疾病医学停飞资料,统计分析各年代、年龄、飞行时间、机种的医学停飞疾病序位、医学停飞疾病的构成比及年代、飞行时间、机种分布特点。结果飞行人员因运动系统疾病医学停飞134人,检出运动系统疾病28种,按检出疾病归类疾病谱,其中排名前5的疾病是腰椎间盘疾病、颈椎病、膝关节病、骨折、踝关节病;与2003—2011年比较,2012-2020年因腰椎间盘疾病、颈椎间盘疾病所致医学停飞的构成比有所下降(χ^(2)=6.661、6.718,P<0.05),因膝关节病、踝关节病所致医学停飞的构成比有所上升(χ^(2)=6.190、4.397,P<0.05);飞行人员医学停飞平均年龄为(36.36±6.20)岁,3组人员平均年龄差别具有统计学意义(F=5.134,P=0.007),高载荷机种飞行员医学停飞主要集中在35〜39岁,低载荷机种飞行员主要集中在30〜34岁,低载荷机种空勤人员医学停飞主要集中在40〜44岁,高载荷机种飞行员及低载荷机种飞行员不同飞行时间医学停飞人数差异具有统计学意义(χ^(2)=9.857、15.830,P<0.01)。高载荷机种飞行员0~1000 h医学停飞人数构成比低于1001-2000 h及>2000 h,低载荷机种飞行员0〜1000 h医学停飞人数构成比高于1001-2000 h及>2000 h。结论飞行人员颈/腰椎间盘疾病医学停飞人数仍居于高位,但是有下降的趋势,而膝关节、踝关节病医学停飞人数有增加的趋势,应重视并及时转变相应的航卫保障措施,持续提高飞行人员身心素质和飞行适应能力,提升部队战斗力。Objective To provide evidence for aeromedical support by analyzing the disease spectrum of the motor system in permanently-grounded military aircrews between 2003 and 2020.Methods The data on military aircrews permanently grounded between 2003 and 2020 was collected via retrospective investigation.The ranking,constituent ratio,distribution and variations of diseases that led to grounding in different years,age groups and aircraft types were statistically analyzed.Results There were 134 military aircrews grounded due to the motor system.The top five diseases were lumber intervertebral disc diseases,neck intervertebral disc diseases,knee diseases,fractures,and ankle diseases.The grounding ratios of neck intervertebral disc diseases and neck intervertebral disc diseases are significantly lower in 2003-2011 than that of 2012-2020(χ^(2)=6.661、6.71&P<0.05),while the proportions of grounded in 2003-2011 with knee diseases and ankle diseases are significantly higher than that of 2012-2020(χ^(2)=6.190,4.397,P<0.05);The average age of medical grounding of military aircrews is 36.36±6.20 years old,and the average age difference of the three groups was statistically significant(F=5.134,P=0.007),Most of the high performance aviators were aged 35-39.Most of the low performance aviators were aged 30 to 34,while most of the low performance aircraft aircrews were between 40 and 44.The constituent ratio of high performance aviators grounded at 0-1 OOOh was significantly lower than that of those at 1000-2000 h and>2000 h,while the constituent ratio of low performance aviators grounded at 0-1000 h was significantly higher than that of those at 1000-2000 h and>2000 h.Conclusion The number of medical grounding military aircrews with neck/lumber intervertebral disc diseases is still large.Knee and ankle diseases are on the rise,while the incidence of neck/lumber intervertebral disc diseases is declining.All these changes should be addressed during aviation health support in order improve the health level and combat effectiveness o

关 键 词：飞行人员 医学停飞 运动系统 疾病谱 航空卫生保障 

分 类 号：R821[医药卫生—临床医学]