内蒙古黄土丘陵区4种柠条林土壤水分入渗特征  

Soil Water Infiltration Characteristics of Four Caragana korshinskii Forests in Loess Hilly Area of Inner Mongolia

作　　者：江磊 秦富仓 曾令建 赵琦 宋秀敏 王立宇 史芮嘉 JIANG Lei;QIN Fu-cang;ZENG Ling-jian;ZHAO Qi;SONG Xiu-min;WANG Li-yu;SHI Rui-jia(College of Desert Science and Engineering,Inner Mongolia Agricultural University,Hohhot 010018,Inner Mongolia,China;Ordos Forestry and Grassland Development Center,Ordos 017010,Inner Mongolia,China;Ordos Water Conservancy Development Center,Ordos 017001,Inner Mongolia,China)

机构地区：[1]内蒙古农业大学沙漠治理学院,内蒙古呼和浩特010018 [2]鄂尔多斯市林业和草原事业发展中心,内蒙古鄂尔多斯017010 [3]鄂尔多斯市水利事业发展中心,内蒙古鄂尔多斯017001

出　　处：《林业科学研究》2022年第5期89-96,共8页Forest Research

基　　金：内蒙古自治区重大项目:黄河流域砒砂岩区沟坡侵蚀机理研究(2021ZD07);中央引导地方科技发展资金项目“砒砂岩坡面水力侵蚀过程与植被斑块格局演变互馈机制研究”(2021ZY0023);内蒙古自治区高校青年科技英才项目(项目编号NJYT22046);内蒙古自治区国有林区和林场土地资源所有者职责代理履职主体履职范围研究项目资助。

摘　　要：[目的]研究内蒙古黄土丘陵区4种柠条林土壤入渗特征及其影响因素,为当地合理造林及植被恢复提供参考。[方法]以柠条、山杨×柠条、山杏×柠条、油松×柠条林下土壤为研究对象,采用环刀进行多点取样并测定土壤理化性质,单环土柱法观测原状土壤水分入渗,并将入渗特征与土壤理化性质进行相关性分析。[结果]4种林地初始入渗率、稳定入渗率、5 h累计入渗量、湿润锋前进速率均表现为山杏×柠条(8.60mm·min^(-1),1.05 mm·min^(-1),279.83 mm,2.5 mm·min^(-1))>山杨×柠条(5.6 mm·min^(-1),0.76 mm·min^(-1),255.65 mm,2.2 mm·min^(-1))>油松×柠条(4.80 mm·min^(-1),0.73 mm·min^(-1),243.03 mm,2.0 mm·min^(-1))>柠条(3.16 mm·min^(-1),0.53 mm·min^(-1),178.64 mm,3.4 mm·min^(-1));入渗后土壤饱和含水率、田间持水率表现为:山杏×柠条>山杨×柠条、油松×柠条>柠条;土壤密度和孔隙状况是影响4种林地入渗能力和水分状况的主要因素。[结论]在研究区内,山杏×柠条较其他林地有更好的调节作用和涵养水源功能,有效减少地表径流和土壤侵蚀。[Objective]To study the soil infiltration characteristics of four Caragana korshinskii forests in the loess hilly area of Inner Mongolia for providing a reference for reasonable local forest planting and vegetation restoration and construction.[Method]The cutting ring knife was used for sampling and analyzing soil physical and chemical properties in Caragana korshinskii and Populus davidiana×Caragana korshinskii,Armeniaca sibirica×Caragana korshinskii,Pinus tabuliformis×Caragana korshinskii forests.The single ring soil column method was used to observe the undisturbed soil water infiltration,and the correlation between infiltration characteristics and soil physical and chemical properties was analyzed.[Results]The initial infiltration rate,steady infiltration rate,5 h cumulative infiltration amount,and the rate of wetting front of the four forests were the largest in A.sibirica×C.korshinskii forest(8.60 mm·min^(-1),1.05 mm·min^(-1),279.83 mm,2.5 mm·min^(-1)),followed by P.davidiana×C.korshinskii(5.6 mm·min^(-1),0.76 mm·min^(-1),255.65 mm,2.2 mm·min^(-1)),P.tabuliformis×C.korshinskii(4.80 mm·min^(-1),0.73 mm·min^(-1),243.03 mm,2.0 mm·min^(-1)),C.korshinskii(3.16 mm·min^(-1),0.53 mm·min^(-1),178.64 mm,3.4 mm·min^(-1)).After infiltration,the soil saturated moisture content and field water holding capacity were shown as follows:A.sibirica×C.korshinskii>P.davidiana×C.korshinskii,P.tabuliformis×C.korshinskii>C.korshinskii.Soil bulk density and porosity were the main factors affecting the infiltration capacity and water status of the four woodlands.[Conclusion]Comparing with other forests,A.sibirica×C.korshinskii has better regulation and water conservation function,and can effectively reduce surface runoff and soil erosion.

关 键 词：黄土丘陵区 柠条林 入渗率 湿润锋 土壤水分状况 

分 类 号：S714.7[农业科学—林学]