儿童过敏性疾病181例过敏原检测分析  

Analysis of allergen detection in 181 children with allergic diseases

作　　者：周晓铃[1] ZHOU Xiaoling(Department of Pediatrics,the Second People’s Hospital of Shantou,Guangdong,Shantou 515100,China)

机构地区：[1]广东省汕头市第二人民医院儿科,广东汕头515100

出　　处：《中国医药科学》2022年第17期115-118,共4页China Medicine And Pharmacy

摘　　要：目的分析儿童过敏性疾病中过敏原检测的临床意义。方法本研究纳入的对象为患有过敏性疾病的儿童(n=181),均为汕头市第二人民医院儿科2018年1月至2021年11月收治。收集所有患儿的相关资料,如过敏类型、性别、年龄,按患儿的年龄进行分组,即0~3岁组、4~6岁组、7~14岁组,所有患儿均开展过敏原检测,分析总IgE抗体阳性结果、过敏原检测结果,同时比较不同年龄组过敏原阳性率。结果181例患儿总IgE抗体检测以血清浓度总IgE≥0.35 IU/ml为阳性,随着浓度的上升,过敏程度会来越来越严重,如IgE>100.00 IU/ml,则过敏程度较为严重。181例患儿中,总IgE抗体阳性人数180例,占比99.45%,IgE>100.00 IU/ml有103例,占IgE抗体阳性人数的57.22%。对2个以上过敏原进行检测,发现多种吸入性、食入性的过敏原,其中屋尘螨/粉尘螨为主要吸入性过敏原,0~3岁组可达15.00%、4~6岁组可达97.56%、7~14岁组可达50.00%,鸡蛋白、牛奶、蟹、花生等为食入性过敏原,但食入性过敏原致敏阳性率较低。各年龄组血清中IgE过敏原种类分布情况不同,故过敏原阳性率也不同。对三组过敏原分布情况进行分析,发现0~3岁组以食入性过敏原为主,4~6岁组、7~14岁组以吸入性过敏原为主,0~3岁组与4~6岁组过敏原阳性率比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);0~3岁组、7~14岁过敏原阳性率比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);4~6岁组、7~14岁组过敏原阳性率比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论引发儿童过敏性疾病的原因较多,不同年龄的过敏原不同,在今后的儿童保健中,需要各部门加大儿童保健工作的宣传,加强家属相关知识的学习与宣教。Objective To analyze the clinical significance of allergen detection in children with allergic diseases.Methods A total of 181 children with allergic diseases admitted to the Department of Pediatrics at the Second People’s Hospital of Shantou from January 2018 to November 2021 were selected as study subjects.Relevant children information such as allergy type,gender,and age were collected,and the children were divided into the 0-3 years old group,4-6 years old group,and 7-14 years old group according to their ages.All children were detected for allergens,and the total IgE antibody-positive results and allergen detection results were analyzed,and the allergen positivity rates were also compared among different age groups.Results With the concentration of serum total IgE≥0.35 IU/ml considered as positive for 181 children detected for total IgE antibodies,the degree of allergy would increase as the concentration increased.For example,if IgE>100.00 IU/ml,the degree of allergy would be considered as relatively serious.180 of 181 children were positive for total IgE antibodies(accounting for 99.45%),including 103 children with IgE>100.00 IU/ml(accounting for 57.22%).A variety of inhalant and ingestive allergens were found through detection of more than 2 allergens,among which house dust mite and powder mite were the main inhalant allergens,up to 15.00%at 0-3 years old group,97.56%at 4-6 years old group and 50.00%at 7-14 years old group,and egg white,milk,crab,peanut,etc.were ingestive allergens,but the positive rate of sensitization to ingestive allergens was low.The distribution of different types of IgE allergens in serum varied among children of different age groups,so the allergen positivity rates were also different.Through analysis on the distribution of allergens in the three groups,it was found that the 0-3 years old group was dominated by ingestive allergens,and the 4-6 years old group and 7-14 years old group were dominated by inhalation allergens,with significant difference between the 0-3 years old group

关 键 词：儿童过敏性疾病 过敏原检测 IgE过敏原分布情况 过敏原阳性率 

分 类 号：R725.9[医药卫生—儿科]