职业性噪声性听力损伤与高血压的关联  

Association of occupational noise-induced hearing loss and hypertension

作　　者：冀芳 荣利 丁晓文[1] 郑昀[1] 李珏[1] JI Fang;RONG Li;DING Xiaowen;ZHENG Yun;LI Jue(Beijing Prevention and Treatment Hospital of Occupational Disease for Chemical Industry,Beijing 100093,China)

机构地区：[1]北京市化工职业病防治院,北京100093

出　　处：《新疆医科大学学报》2022年第9期1041-1046,共6页Journal of Xinjiang Medical University

基　　金：北京市自然科学基金(7222252)。

摘　　要：目的探讨职业性噪声暴露工人高频听力损失与高血压的关系,为制定噪声性听力损失(NIHL)和高血压的防治干预措施提供科学依据。方法以某飞机维修企业职业性噪声暴露工人为调查对象,按统一标准将调查对象分为高频听力损失组(394人)和听力正常组(738人),对其进行问卷调查、职业健康检查、作业场所噪声强度检测并计算累计噪声暴露量(CNE)。对计量资料进行t检验分析,计数资料采用χ^(2)检验分析。使用非条件多元Logistic回归方法分析NIHL与高血压患病之间的关联。结果在1132名职业性噪声暴露工人中,任意耳高频听力损失检出率为34.81%,高血压的检出率为26.06%。高频听力损失组人群高血压检出率(39.09%)高于听力正常组(19.11%),差异有统计学意义(P<0.001)。多元Logistic回归分析结果显示,在排除混杂因素影响后,高血压是高频听力损失的独立危险因素(OR=2.12,95%CI:1.59~2.84,P<0.001),同时CNE、听力防护用品佩戴情况、婚姻状况和文化程度也是影响NIHL的独立因素(P<0.05)。结论高频听力损失与高血压存在关联,高血压、CNE增加、不经常佩戴听力防护用品、高中及以下文化程度、已婚是职业性噪声暴露工人高频听力损失的独立危险因素,针对以上危险因素,实施预防干预措施,可以有效地降低NIHL和高血压的发病风险。Objective To explore the relationship between high frequency hearing loss and hypertension in workers who exposed to occupational noise,so as to provide scientific basis for prevention and treatment of noise induced hearingloss(NIHL)and hypertension.Methods Occupational noise exposed workers in an aircraft maintenance enterprise were selected as the research objects.According to the unified standard,the subjects were divided into high frequency hearing loss group(394 people)and normal hearing group(738 people).Questionnaire survey,occupational health examination,workplace noise intensity detection and cumulative noise exposure(CNE)were carried out.The measurement data were analyzed by t-test,and the count data were analyzed byχ^(2)test.The multivariate Logistic regression analysis was used to analyze the association between NIHL and hypertension.Results Among 1132 occupational noise exposed workers,the detection rate of high frequency hearing loss in any ear was 34.81%,and the detection rate of hypertension was 26.06%.The detection rates of hypertension in the hearing loss group were higher than the normal hearing group(P<0.001).Multivariate Logistic analysis regression analysis showed that after controlling of confounding factors,hypertension was an independent risk factor of high frequency hearing loss(OR=2.12,95%CI:1.592.84,P<0.001).CNE,wearing of hearing protection equipment,marital status and educational level were also as risk factors of high frequency hearing loss(P<0.05).Conclusion High frequency hearing loss is associated with hypertension.Hypertension,increased CNE,infrequent wearing of hearing protective equipment,low education level and married are the risk factors of high frequency hearing loss among occupational noise exposed workers.The implementation of preventive intervention measures against the above factors may be effective in reducing the risk of NIHL and hypertension.

关 键 词：噪声性听力损失 高血压 影响因素 干预措施 

分 类 号：R135.8[医药卫生—劳动卫生]