海牙管辖权项目涉外专属管辖之争及中国因应  

Controversies over International Exclusive Jurisdiction of the Hague Jurisdiction Project and China's Response

作　　者：刘阳 LIU Yang(College of Science and Politics,Zhejiang Sci-Tech University,Hangzhou,Zhejiang 310018,China)

机构地区：[1]浙江理工大学法政学院,浙江杭州310018

出　　处：《时代法学》2022年第5期91-102,共12页Presentday Law Science

摘　　要：对于涉外专属管辖问题,海牙管辖权项目不仅存在涉外公司诉讼专属管辖“立”与“破”的分歧,出现国际知识产权传统纠纷和国际数据知识产权专属管辖之争,而且外国判决执行事项专属管辖呈现“赘余说”和“维持说”两种立场。早在二十二年前,我国《国际私法示范法》第46条提议涉外公司诉讼和国际知识产权有效性适用专属管辖,但至今我国民事诉讼法和司法解释“涉外民事诉讼程序编”仍未予以调整。我国对涉外公司专属管辖宜采取“原则+例外”的立场。原则上,一般涉外公司诉讼采取特别管辖,但对《涉外民事关系法律适用法》第4条中外合资、合作经营公司诉讼以及《公司法(修订草案)》需经行政批准、国家出资公司和涉及社会公共利益的公司事项适用专属管辖。我国有必要增补国际知识产权有效性和涉及国家主权的数据知识产权专属管辖。外国判决执行事项不属于我国《国际私法示范法》和诉讼法上专属管辖的法定类型,此由被执行人住所地或财产所在地法院管辖。With regard to the issue of international exclusive jurisdiction,there are not only divergences between“establishing”and“breaking”exclusive jurisdiction over international company litigation,but also international exclusive jurisdiction over traditional international intellectual property rights disputes and international data intellectual property rights are open to debate in the Hague jurisdiction project.Moreover,the exclusive jurisdiction of foreign judgment enforcement presents two positions of“redundancy”and“maintenance”.Article 46 of the model law on private international law proposed that international exclusive jurisdiction should be applied to international company litigation and the effectiveness of international intellectual property rights more than twenty-two years ago,but so far the“foreign-related civil procedure chapter”of China's civil procedure law and judicial interpretation has not been adjusted.China should adopt the position of“principle plus exception”to the exclusive jurisdiction of international company litigation.In principle,the general international company litigation shall be subject to special jurisdiction,but the exclusive jurisdiction shall be applicable to the litigation of sino-foreign joint and cooperative ventures in article 4 of law of the application of law for foreign-related civil relations and the matters of the company law(revised draft)requiring administrative approval,state funded companies and corporate matters involving social and public interests.It is necessary for China to supplement the exclusive jurisdiction of validity of international intellectual property rights and international data intellectual property rights involving national sovereignty.The matter of enforcing foreign judgment did not belong to the type of exclusive jurisdiction in the model law on private international law and China's procedural law,which was under the jurisdiction of the court in the place where the person subjected to execution had his domicile or where the p

关 键 词：涉外专属管辖 海牙管辖权项目 涉外公司诉讼 国际知识产权 外国判决执行事项 

分 类 号：DF97[政治法律—国际法学]