折减系数在胶合板企业职业病危害因素评价中的应用  

Application of reduction factor in evaluation of occupational disease hazard factors in plywood enterprises

作　　者：黄吉[1] 段平宁[1] 黄翔[1] 聂传丽[1] 麦骊风 HUANG Ji;DUAN Ping-ning;HUANG Xiang;NIE Chuan-li;MAI Li-feng(Occupational Health Evaluation Institute,Guangxi Institute of Occupational Disease Prevention and Control,Nanning,Guangxi 530021,China)

机构地区：[1]广西壮族自治区职业病防治研究院职业卫生评价所,广西南宁530021

出　　处：《现代预防医学》2022年第18期3294-3298,共5页Modern Preventive Medicine

基　　金：广西壮族自治区卫生健康委员会自筹经费科研课题(Z20200688)。

摘　　要：目的以胶合板企业为例,通过折减系数对其职业病危害因素接触限值进行调整,客观评价其职业健康风险等级,为保护作业工人的身体健康提供科学依据。方法选择桂林市恭城县某胶合板企业作为研究对象,进行职业卫生现场调查及职业病危害因素检测,并运用折减系数调整其职业接触限值,结合职业病危害因素检测结果进行综合分析。结果经折减系数调整后,二甲苯AAEV=35 mg/m^(3),苯AAEV=4.4 mg/m^(3),木粉尘AAEV=2.2 mg/m^(3),甲苯AAEV=35 mg/m^(3)、苯酚AAEV=7 mg/m^(3)。其中涂胶、据边及磨边岗位工种存在接触木粉尘浓度超标现象,最高接触浓度5.67 mg/m^(3);喷漆岗位工种存在接触苯、甲苯、二甲苯浓度超标现象,苯最高接触浓度5.6 mg/m^(3),甲苯最高接触浓度64.2 mg/m^(3),二甲苯最高接触浓度44.1 mg/m^(3)。结论运用折减系数对胶合板企业职业病危害因素对应接触限值进行调整,更能客观真实反映作业工人职业病危害因素的实际接触情况。折减系数在企业职业病危害因素评价中的应用具有一定的不确定性和局限性,不适合进行广泛推广,但具有一定的参考价值,可以为其他企业的职业病危害因素评价提供参考依据。Objective Taking plywood enterprises as an example,the exposure limits of occupational disease hazard factors are adjusted through the reduction coefficient,and the occupational health risk level is objectively evaluated,so as to provide a scientific basis for protecting the health of workers.Methods A plywood enterprise in Gongcheng county,Guilin city was selected as the research object,occupational health on-site investigation and occupational disease hazard factor detection were carried out,and the reduction coefficient was used to adjust its occupational exposure limit.A comprehensive analysis was conducted based on the detection results of occupational disease hazard factors.Results After adjustment by the reduction factor,xylene AAEV=35 mg/m^(3),benzene AAEV=4.4 mg/m^(3),wood dust AAEV=2.2 mg/m^(3),toluene AAEV=35 mg/m^(3),phenol AAEV=7 mg/m^(3).Among them,the glue coating,edging and edging jobs had exposure to wood dust concentration exceeding the standard,with the highest exposure concentration of 5.67mg/m^(3).Painting jobs had exposure to benzene,toluene,and xylene concentrations exceeding the standard,and the maximum exposure concentration of benzene was 5.6 mg/m^(3).The highest contact concentration of toluene was 64.2 mg/m^(3),and the highest contact concentration of xylene was 44.1 mg/m^(3).Conclusion Using the reduction factor to adjust the exposure limit of occupational disease hazards in plywood enterprises can more objectively and truly reflect the actual exposure of workers to occupational disease hazards.The application of the reduction coefficient in the evaluation of occupational disease hazard factors in enterprises has certain uncertainties and limitations,and it is not suitable for widespread promotion,but it can provide a reference for the evaluation of occupational disease hazard factors in other enterprises.

关 键 词：折减系数 胶合板企业 职业病危害因素 应用 

分 类 号：R135[医药卫生—劳动卫生]