抗生素对大鼠肠道菌群和认知行为的影响  

Effect of antibiotics on gut microbiota and cognitive behaviors in rats

作　　者：李艳丽 杨小荣[2] 张策[2] 郭军红[1] Li Yanli;Yang Xiaorong;Zhang Ce;Guo Junhong(Dept of Neurology,First Hospital of Shanxi Medical University,Taiyuan 030001;Dept of Physiology,Key Laboratory of Cellular Physiology,Ministry of Education,Shanxi Medical University,Taiyuan 030001)

机构地区：[1]山西医科大学第一医院神经内科,太原030001 [2]山西医科大学生理学系,细胞生理学教育部重点实验室,太原030001

出　　处：《安徽医科大学学报》2022年第9期1447-1452,共6页Acta Universitatis Medicinalis Anhui

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(编号:81871125、82101641);细胞生理学教育部重点实验室(山西医科大学)开放基金(编号:KLMEC/SXMU-202010);山西省回国留学人员科研资助项目(编号:HGKY2019054)。

摘　　要：目的探讨广谱抗生素处理后,大鼠肠道菌群的改变、恢复及其对认知行为是否产生影响。方法实验大鼠随机分为抗生素处理(AT)组和对照(Control)组;AT组用氨苄青霉素、万古霉素、甲硝唑和亚胺培南4种抗生素混合液灌胃3 d,Control组用等量的生理盐水灌胃。在第4天(距最后一次抗生素处理24 h)及2个月时收集粪便进行16s rRNA基因测序检测肠道菌群的改变;在2个月时通过基于操作条件反射的延迟匹配样本任务(DMTP)和Y迷宫检测两组大鼠认知行为。结果第4天AT组大鼠肠道菌群减少,包括菌群多样性减少(P<0.0001);优势菌拟杆菌门数量减少(P<0.0001),厚壁菌门数量减少(P=0.0001);而变形菌门相对丰度增加(P<0.0001)。停用抗生素后肠道菌群恢复,在2个月时与Control组比较差异无统计学意义;且AT组大鼠的认知行为与Control组比较差异亦无统计学意义。结论广谱抗生素处理会引起大鼠肠道菌群减少,但这种减少是暂时的,在停用抗生素后会恢复正常,并且不会影响大鼠的工作记忆和空间记忆。Objective To investigate the changes and recovery of gut microbiota in rats after broad-spectrum antibiotic exposure and its effect on cognitive behaviors.Methods Rats were randomly divided into antibiotic(AT)group and control group.AT group was treated with antibiotic cocktail containing ampicillin,ancomycin,metronidazole and imipenem for 3 days,and control group was gavaged with the same amount of normal saline.On the 4th day(24 h after the last antibiotic treatment)and 2 months,feces were collected for 16S rRNA gene sequencing to detect the changes of gut microbiota;At 2 months,the cognitive behaviors were detected by operant-based delayed matching to position(DMTP)task and Y maze.Results On day 4,the gut microbiota in AT group decreased,including a decrease in microbiota diversity(P<0.0001),a reduction of Bacteroidetes(P<0.0001)and Firmicutes(P=0.0001),and an increase of Proteobacteria(P<0.0001).After discontinuation of antibiotics,the microbiota began to recover,which had no difference from control group at 2 months.And there was no significant difference in cognitive behaviors between AT group and control group.Conclusion The broad-spectrum antibiotics can decrease gut microbiota in rats.However,this decrease is temporary.The microbiota returns to normal at 2 months after discontinuation of antibiotics.And it does not affect the cognitive behaviors of rats.

关 键 词：抗生素 肠道菌群 认知行为 DMTP Y迷宫 

分 类 号：R338.2[医药卫生—人体生理学]