温度对烟草赤星病菌生物学特性及代谢表型的影响  

Effects of temperature on the biological characteristics and metabolic phenotype of Alternaria alternata

作　　者：刘亭亭 汪汉成 蔡刘体 孙美丽 陆宁 向立刚 张长青[1] LIU Tingting;WANG Hancheng;CAI Liuti;SUN Meili;LU Ning;XIANG Ligang;ZHANG Changqing(College of Agriculture,Yangtze University,Jingzhou 434000,China;Guizhou Academy of Tobacco Science,Guiyang 550081,China)

机构地区：[1]长江大学农学院,荆州434000 [2]贵州省烟草科学研究院,贵阳550081

出　　处：《植物保护》2022年第5期141-148,共8页Plant Protection

基　　金：中国烟草总公司科技项目[110202001035(LS-04),110202101048(LS-08)];国家自然科学基金(32160522);中国烟草总公司贵州省公司科技项目(2020XM03,2020XM022);贵州省科技计划(黔科合基础-ZK[2021]重点036);贵州省“百层次”创新型人才(黔科合平台人才-GCC[2022]028-1)。

摘　　要：为了解温度对烟草赤星病菌致病力及代谢表型的影响,本研究采用菌丝生长速率法和离体叶片法,分别测定不同温度下烟草赤星病菌的生长速率和致病力,同时采用Biolog代谢表型技术测定了其在22、25、30℃和35℃下不同碳源、渗透压和pH下的代谢表型。结果表明,烟草赤星病菌在15~35℃下均可生长,30℃时菌丝生长最快、致病力和产孢能力最强,35℃时孢子萌发率最高。在22、25、30℃和35℃时,赤星病菌均可代谢Biolog FF代谢板上的95种碳源,且随着温度升高对碳源的代谢能力逐渐增强。22℃和25℃时烟草赤星病菌对渗透压的适应范围最广,其次为30℃,35℃时适应范围最窄。在22、25、30℃和35℃时,赤星病菌在pH 3.5~10范围内均可正常代谢,在22、25℃和30℃下,赤星病菌表现出强脱羧酶活性和弱脱氨酶活性,在35℃下,其脱羧酶和脱氨酶活性均相对较弱。研究结果揭示了烟草赤星病菌在不同温度下的适应能力,为赤星病菌与环境互作研究提供了参考。In order to investigate the effect of temperature on the pathogenicity of Alternaria alternata and its metabolic phenotypes under different carbon sources,and osmotic and pH conditions,the mycelial growth and detached leaf method were utilized to detect its mycelial growth rate and pathogenicity,respectively.The metabolic phenotypes under different carbon sources,osmotic pressures and pH values were analyzed by using Biolog Phenotype MicroArray at 22,25,30℃ and 35℃.The results showed that A.alternata grew well at all temperatures ranging from 15℃ to 35℃ and showed the highest growth rate,pathogenicity and optimum sporulation at 30℃,and a highest spore germination rate at 35℃.At 22,25,30℃ and 35℃,A.alternata can metabolize 95 kinds of carbon sources in Biolog FF metabolic plates,and its metabolic ability to carbon sources gradually increases with the increase of temperature.A.alternata presented the widest osmotic adaptation ability at 22℃ and 25℃,followed by 30℃,while narrowest at 35℃.At 22,25,30℃ and 35℃,A.alternata exhibited metabolism at pH values ranging from 3.5 to 10.A strong decarboxylase activity and a weak deaminase activity were detected at 22,25℃ and 30℃.At 35℃,the decarboxylase and deaminase activities were much weaker.These results revealed the adaptability of A.alternata under different temperatures.This study can provide a reference for the study on the interaction between A.alternata and environmental factors.

关 键 词：烟草赤星病菌 温度 生长速率 致病力 代谢表型 

分 类 号：S435.72[农业科学—农业昆虫与害虫防治]