一株高地芽胞杆菌D30202的抑草活性及作用机制初探  

Preliminary study on the herbicidal activity and mechanism of Bacillus altitudinis D30202

作　　者：张秀雨 李伟佳 沈硕[1] ZHANG Xiuyu;LI Weijia;SHEN Shuo(Qinghai University,Qinghai Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences,Key Laboratory of Qinghai Tibet Plateau Biotechnology,Ministry of Education,Xining 810016,China)

机构地区：[1]青海大学,青海省农林科学院,青藏高原生物技术教育部重点实验室,西宁810016

出　　处：《植物保护》2022年第5期197-203,211,共8页Plant Protection

基　　金：青海省科技厅国际合作专项(2021-HZ-804);国家自然科学基金(31360445);国家现代农业产业技术体系(CARS-10)。

摘　　要：为开发新型微生物除草剂,通过萌发袋法对嗜盐高地芽胞杆菌Bacillus altitudinis菌株D30202抑制杂草种子萌发和幼苗生长的活性进行测定。通过盆栽茎叶喷雾法对不同有机溶剂萃取物的杀草谱和作物安全性进行测定和评价,并以自生油菜Brassica napus L.为供试杂草对活性菌株的抑草机理进行初探。结果表明,嗜盐高地芽胞杆菌菌株D30202发酵液的正丁醇萃取物对十字花科杂草自生油菜的除草活性最为显著,同时对青稞Hordeum vulgare var.coeleste、小麦Triticum aestivum L.表现出较高的安全性。而经正丁醇萃取物处理的自生油菜,其丙二醛(MDA)含量及抗氧化酶(SOD、POD、CAT)活性呈持续下降趋势,表明该菌株的抑草作用机理可能是通过影响光合作用等代谢过程实现的。综上所述,高地芽胞杆菌D30202可开发为禾本科作物田十字花科杂草的生物除草剂。In order to develop a new type of microbial herbicide,the germination bag method was used to determine the inhibition activity of Bacillus altitudinis D30202 on weed seed germination and seedling growth.The herbicidal spectrum and crop safety of different organic solvent extracts were determined and evaluated by stem and leaf spray method in pot experiment.Volunteer rape(Brassica napus L.) was used as the test weed to explore the herbicidal mechanism of active strains.The results showed that n-butanol extracts of the fermentation broth of D30202 had the most significant herbicidal activity against cruciferous weed volunteer rape and showed high safety against highland barley(Hordeum vulgare var.coeleste) and wheat(Triticum aestivum L.).However,the content of malondialdehyde(MDA) and the activities of antioxidant enzymes(SOD,POD,CAT) in volunteer rape treated with n-butanol extract showed a continuous downward trend,indicating that the strain may inhibit the weed by affecting the metabolic processes such as photosynthesis.In summary,B.altitudinis D30202 can be developed as a biological herbicide for cruciferous weeds in gramineous crop fields.

关 键 词：嗜盐菌 杀草谱 作物安全性 抑草机理 微生物除草剂 

分 类 号：S476[农业科学—农业昆虫与害虫防治]