13种杀菌剂对水稻胡麻叶斑病防效研究  

Efficacy of thirteen fungicides for controlling rice brown spot disease

作　　者：冯爱卿[1] 朱小源[1] 汪聪颖[1] 陈凯玲[1] 封金奇 杨健源[1] 林晓鹏 陈深[1] FENG Aiqing;ZHU Xiaoyuan;WANG Congying;CHEN Kailing;FENG Jinqi;YANG Jianyuan;LIN Xiaopeng;CHEN Shen(Plant Protection Research Institute,Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of High Technology for Plant Protection,Guangzhou 510640,China)

机构地区：[1]广东省农业科学院植物保护研究所,广东省植物保护新技术重点实验室,广州510640

出　　处：《植物保护》2022年第5期352-360,共9页Plant Protection

基　　金：国家水稻产业技术体系(CARS-01-35);广东省现代农业产业技术体系专项资金(2021KJ105);广东省重点领域研发计划(2019B020217003);广东省农业科学院“十四五”学科团队建设项目(202116TD)。

摘　　要：为科学合理选用防治水稻胡麻叶斑病的杀菌剂,采用菌丝生长速率法,测定了13种杀菌剂对水稻胡麻叶斑病菌的毒力,对毒力较好的药剂开展盆栽防效试验。结果表明:测试的13种药剂中,70%丙森锌WP、325 g/L苯甲·嘧菌酯SC、75%肟菌·戊唑醇WG、23%醚菌·氟环唑SC、50%福美双WP、400 g/L氯氟醚·吡唑酯SC对病原菌菌丝生长表现出明显的抑制作用,不同浓度处理的抑制率均达到60%以上,最高可达100%;各药剂对水稻胡麻叶斑病菌的毒力差异显著,325 g/L苯甲·嘧菌酯SC对水稻胡麻叶斑病菌的毒力最高,EC_(50)为0.0001μg/mL;毒力较高的药剂有23%醚菌·氟环唑SC、75%肟菌·戊唑醇WG、50%咪鲜胺锰盐WP、70%丙森锌WP、50%福美双WP、9%吡唑醚菌酯CS、30%苯甲·丙环唑EC、400 g/L氯氟醚·吡唑酯SC、250 g/L嘧菌酯SC,EC_(50)为0.0171~2.0270μg/mL;15%井冈霉素SP、40%稻瘟灵EC、75%三环唑WP的毒力较低,EC_(50)为11.2654~88.2835μg/mL。人工接种盆栽防效试验结果显示,70%丙森锌WP对水稻胡麻叶斑病的预防效果最好,使用剂量945~1575 g/hm 2的防效均在72.00%以上;325 g/L苯甲·嘧菌酯SC的治疗效果最好,使用剂量195~292.5 g/hm 2的防效均在74.00%以上,这两种药剂可作为目前水稻胡麻叶斑病田间应急防控的首选药剂,二者作用机制不同,建议轮换使用。In order to scientifically and rationally select fungicides for control of rice brown spot disease caused by Bipolaris oryzae,toxicity evaluation of 13 fungicides on B.oryzae was conducted by mycelium growth rate method,and control effect of fungicides with better virulence on B.oryzae were determined by artificial inoculation pot experiment.The result showed that among 13 kinds of fungicides,propineb 70%WP,difenoconazole·azoxystrobin 325 g/L SC,trifloxystrobin·tebuconazole 75%WG,kresoxim-methyl·epoxiconazole 23%SC,prochloraz-manganese chloride complex 50%WP and chlorofluoroether·pyraclostrobin 400 g/L SC showed obvious inhibitory effect on the mycelium growth of B.oryzae,and the inhibition rates of different concentration treatments were more than 60%,up to 100%.The toxicity of these agents are significantly different.Among them,the toxicity of difenoconazole.azoxystrobin 325 g/L SC was the highest to B.oryzae,with the EC_(50) value of 0.0001μg/mL;kresoxim-methyl·epoxiconazole 23%SC,trifloxystrobin·tebuconazole 75%WG,prochloraz-manganese chloride complex 50%WP,propineb 70%WP,thiram 50%WP,pyraclostrobin 9%CS,difenoconazole·propiconazol 30%EC,chlorofluoroether·pyraclostrobin 400 g/L SC,and azoxystrobin 250 g/L SC with the EC_(50) values from 0.0171 to 2.0270μg/mL.While the toxicity of jingangmycin A 15%SP,isoprothiolane 40%EC and tricyclazole 75%WP were lower,with the EC_(50) values from 11.2654 to 88.2835μg/mL.Artificial inoculation pot experiment showed that propineb 70%WP had the best preventive effect on rice brown spot disease,and the preventive effect was more than 72.00%when the dosage was 945-1575 g/hm 2.The therapeutic effect of difenoconazole·azoxystrobin 325 g/L SC on rice brown spot disease was the best,and the therapeutic effect was more than 74.00%when the dosage was 195-292.5 g/hm 2.The two kinds of fungicides can be used as the first choice for the field emergency prevention and control of rice brown spot disease at present,and the action mechanisms of the two fungicides are different,s

关 键 词：水稻 胡麻叶斑病 杀菌剂 毒力测定 防效 

分 类 号：S435.111[农业科学—农业昆虫与害虫防治]