2016—2021年西安市其他感染性腹泻流行特征及病原检测结果分析  

Epidemic and pathogenic characteristics of other infectious diarrhea in Xi’an City,2016 to 2021

作　　者：朱永海 淮蓓 胡飞燕 王春娟[4] 张辉[4] ZHU Yong-hai;HUAI Bei;HU Fei-yan;WANG Chun-juan;ZHANG Hui(Xi’an Gaoling District Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Xi’an Shanxi 710200,China;不详)

机构地区：[1]西安市高陵区疾病预防控制中心,陕西西安710200 [2]西安市高陵区卫生计生综合监督所 [3]西安市高陵区通远镇卫生院 [4]西安市疾病预防控制中心

出　　处：《现代预防医学》2022年第17期3090-3095,3129,共7页Modern Preventive Medicine

基　　金：陕西省2020年自然科学基础研究项目(2020JQ-969)。

摘　　要：目的了解2016—2021年西安市其他感染性腹泻的流行病学特征和病原分布特征,为其防制提供参考依据。方法采用描述性流行病学方法分析西安市其他感染性腹泻的三间分布特征和病原谱构成特征,采用ArcMap 10.2软件对疫情变化趋势进行可视化分析。结果2016—2021年全市共报告其他感染性腹泻69982例,年均发病率121.21/10万,病死率4.29‰(3/69982),其中明确病原诊断者占实验室确诊病例47.79%(16541/34611);共报告6起诺如病毒暴发疫情,平均罹患率1.06%(733/69302),无重症和死亡病例。男女发病率性别比为1.23∶1;病例主要是3岁以下儿童(54059例,77.25%),涉及人群主要是散居儿童(55785例,79.71%)、学生(4272例,6.10%)和幼托儿童(2556例,3.65%);冬季高峰(12—1月)显著(26007例,37.16%),夏季则不明显;未央区年发病率连续6年居全市各区县首位,年均发病率359.24/10万。病例发病到诊断中位时间为1.0(1.0,3.0)d。有明确病原诊断者中病毒感染15992例(96.68%),细菌感染376例(2.27%),病毒混合感染144例(0.87%),细菌病毒混合感染26例(0.16%),真菌感染2例,原虫感染1例;其中轮状病毒感染15057例(91.03%)。结论西安市其他感染性腹泻疫情形势严峻,建议冬季在重点地区对散居儿童加强行为干预;该地区病原谱以病毒为主,尤其是轮状病毒;当地医疗机构应加强实验室诊断能力,统一报告标准和流程,提高其病原学诊断率。Objective To analyze the epidemiological characteristics and pathogens distribution characteristics of other infectious diarrhea in Xi’an city from 2016 to 2021,and to provide reference for its prevention and treatment.Methods Descriptive epidemiological methods were used to analyze the data of other infectious diarrhea and its pathogen spectrum characteristics in Xi’an City from 2016 to 2021 collected from the China Disease Prevention and Control Infectious Disease Reporting Information System.Then ArcMap 10.2 software was used to visualize the epidemic characteristics.Results A total of 69982 cases of other infectious diarrhea were reported from 2016 to 2021,with the average annual incidence of 121.21/100000 and fatality rate of 4.29‰(3/69982).The laboratory diagnostic rate of reported cases was 49.46%(34611/69982),and 47.79%(16541/34611)of them were diagnosed with pathogens clearly.There were also 6 norovirus outbreaks reported with an average incidence of 1.06%(733/69302),no severe cases or deaths were reported.The incidence ratio of males to females was 1.23∶1.Most cases were under 3 years old,accounting for 77.25%(54059/69302).The cases mainly involved scattered children(55785 cases,79.71%),students(4272 cases,6.10%)and childcare children(2556 cases,3.65%).The cases peak of other infectious diarrhea in winter(December—January)was significant(26007 cases,37.16%),but not in summer.Weiyang District had the highest incidence rate(359.24/100000)in Xi’an City for 6 consecutive years.The median time for all cases from onset to diagnosis was 1.0(1.0,3.0)d.Among the pathogen cases,15992(96.68%)cases were infected with virus and 15057(91.03%)cases were infected with rotavirus,376(2.27%)cases were infected with bacteria,144(0.87%)cases were infected with mixed virus,26(0.16%)cases were infected with bacteria and virus,2 cases were infected with fungi,and 1 case was infected with protozoa.Conclusion The situation of prevention and control of other infectious diarrhea in Xi’an is serious,and it is suggeste

关 键 词：其他感染性腹泻 病原谱 流行特征 监测 分析 

分 类 号：R181.3[医药卫生—流行病学] R442.2[医药卫生—公共卫生与预防医学]