电子商务中“通知—删除”规则滥用的规制——以平台自治与法律实施为视角  

Regulation on the Abuse of Notice-Take Down Rule in E-commerce—From the Perspective of Platform Autonomy and Law Enforcement

作　　者：魏宁 Wei Ning

机构地区：[1]清华大学法学院 [2]荷兰阿姆斯特丹大学

出　　处：《南大法学》2022年第5期93-107,共15页NanJing University Law Journal

基　　金：国家社会科学基金一般项目“商标法与反不正当竞争法的制度协调研究”(项目编号:20BFX142);国家留学基金委国家建设高水平大学公派研究生项目(留金选[2021]70号)阶段性成果。

摘　　要：旨在保障知识产权权利人在网络环境下快速维权的“通知—删除”规则日渐被恶意投诉人滥用,成为其谋取“垄断租金”的工具,而电子商务中的商标挟持则表现得最为活跃。根据不完全合约理论,平台自治相较于法律实施更具有效率优势,电商平台为遏制恶意投诉所采取的自治规则具有合法性。受重复交易和声誉机制的约束,电商平台倾向于对通知进行实质审查并据此扩张必要措施的种类和适用条件。而电商平台自治规则效率优势的发挥离不开法律实施阶段对于平台责任的相应放宽,在电商平台经实质审查后采取了错误的措施时,法律实施不应加重电商平台的责任,其仅在故意和重大过失的情形下才须承担责任。The notice-take down rule,which aims to protect rights holder of intellectual property in the online environment,is increasingly being abused by malicious complainant as a tool to seek monopoly rents,and trademark holdup in e-commerce is the most rampant.According to the theory of incomplete contracts,platform autonomy has efficiency advantages over law enforcement,so the rules of autonomy taken by e-commerce platforms to regulate malicious complaint should be recognized.Constrained by repeated transactions and reputation mechanisms,e-commerce platforms tend to conduct substantive review of notifications and accordingly expand the types and applicable conditions of necessary measures.The efficiency advantages of the rules of autonomy taken by e-commerce platforms are inseparable from correspondingly relaxing platforms responsibilities in the stage of law enforcement.When e-commerce platforms have taken wrong measures after substantive examination,the law enforcement should not aggravate their responsibilities and they only need to be liable in the case of deliberateness and gross negligence.

关 键 词：电子商务 “通知—删除”规则 平台自治 法律实施 

分 类 号：D922.294[政治法律—经济法学]