韭菜农药残留研究进展  

Research Progress on Pesticide Residues in/on Chinese Chives (Allium Tuberosum)

作　　者：白雪 苏正川 Bai Xue;Su Zhengchuan(Market super vision and Administration Bureau of Nanzheng District,Hanzhong City,Shaanxi Province,Hanzhong Shanxi 723000,China;Sichuan Harayon Crop Science and Technology Co.,Ltd,Leshan Sichuan 614100,China)

机构地区：[1]汉中市南郑区市场监督管理局,陕西汉中723100 [2]四川海润作物科学技术有限公司,四川乐山614100

出　　处：《农药科学与管理》2022年第9期19-26,共8页Pesticide Science and Administration

摘　　要：韭菜是国人喜食的蔬菜之一,是药食同源植物。韭菜病虫害较多,韭蛆和灰霉病是危害韭菜最为严重的病虫害,通常通过化学药剂进行防治。但农药的使用种类、次数、剂量不科学,农药残留已成为韭菜的主要外源污染物之一。为了探明韭菜农药残留风险状况,该文综述了近年来发表的相关文献,对韭菜常见的农药残留种类、检测技术进行了整理和分析。结果发现,韭菜中的农药残留主要以有机氯类农药和有机磷类农药为主。检测技术以气相色谱(GC)、液相色谱(LC)或两者与质谱(MS)联用为主。韭菜质量安全是保障食品安全的重要前提。健全韭菜质量管理体系、加强土壤修复、制定科学的农药使用技术、筛选高效低毒低残留的药剂等措施有助于推动韭菜产业的高质量发展。Chinese chives(Allium tuberosum),a homologous plant of medicine and food, is one of the favorite vegetables of Chinese people. However, many diseases and insect pests occur in Chinese chives, among which Chinese chives maggots(Bradysia odoriphagaYang et Zhang) and gray mold are the two causing the biggest harm. However, due to the unscientific use of chemical pesticides, a major tool to control the above two pests, like improper variety, application frequency and dose, pesticide residues have become one of the main exogenous pollutants in/on Chinese chives. In order to explore the real risk condition of pesticide residues in Chinese chives, this paper reviewed the relevant literatures published in recent years, sorted out and analyzed the common varieties and detection techniques of pesticide residues in Chinese chives. The results showed that the main pesticide residues in chives were organochlorine pesticides and organophosphorus pesticides. The main detection techniques include gas chromatography(GC),liquid chromatography(LC) or GC or LC combined with mass spectrometry(MS). Due to their characteristics of long half-life and difficult degradation, organochlorine pesticides have hampered the healthy development of Chinese chives industry. The quality and safety of Chinese chives is an important prerequisite to ensure food safety. Improving the quality management system of Chinese chives, strengthening soil remediation, developing scientific pesticide application technology, and screening high-efficiency, low toxicity and lower residue chemicals will assist in promoting the high-quality development of Chinese chives industry.

关 键 词：韭菜 农药残留 韭蛆 韭菜灰霉病 检测技术 

分 类 号：S481.8[农业科学—农药学]