哈佛大学与麻省理工学院在华筹办工科大学计划始末  

On the Initiative of Harvard University and Massachusetts Institute of Technology of Building an Engineering University in China

作　　者：林伟 牛力 Lin Wei;Niu Li

机构地区：[1]不详 [2]南京大学中华民国史研究中心

出　　处：《近代史研究》2022年第5期120-136,M0004,共18页Modern Chinese History Studies

基　　金：国家社会科学基金后期资助项目“东南大学的治理结构与学术文化(1921—1927)”(21FZSB011)的中期成果。

摘　　要：五四运动前后,中外教育交流与合作方兴未艾。在湘雅医学院院长胡美的倡议下,美国哈佛大学和麻省理工学院联合发起在华筹办工科大学计划。该计划酝酿于中国,发起于美国,先后牵涉中美多所大学,在两国学、商、政三界产生广泛回响。哈佛与麻省理工组织了专门委员会开展筹备工作,邀请两校共同校友麦洛埃以非正式身份赴华搜集信息。然而,麦洛埃在中国“越权”与东南大学签署合办工科大学草约,对计划的实施造成了干扰和破坏。工科大学计划始终未取得实质性进展,最终以流产告终。究其失败的原因,计划本身在办学资金筹集和学校主导权等方面都存在不合理与不现实之处,也反映出中外教育交流项目所面临的诸多困难。The educational interactions between China and foreign countries maintained its momentum around 1920. Suggested by Edward Hume,Harvard University and Massachusetts Institute of Technology initiated a plan to establish an engineering university in China. A special committee was created for relevant planning and investigation work. Thomas Meloy was tasked to collect information in China although he was not the formal agent of the committee. He and John A. L. Waddell actively promoted the project in China. Thomas Meloy signed a draft contract of cooperation with the Southeast University of China without authorization from the American side. Consequently,the proposed project was aborted in the end. The special committee and President A. Lawrence Lowell insisted to raise funding in China and try to keep the proposed university under American control,which turned out to be unreasonable and unrealistic. Both Meloy and Waddell overstepped their mandate and their activities seriously undermined the implementation of the plan. The plan’s failure shed light on the complex relationship between cultural internationalism and imperialism and their inherent dilemmas.

关 键 词：哈佛大学 麻省理工学院 东南大学 工科大学计划 中外教育交流 

分 类 号：G648.9[文化科学—高等教育学]