铅笔导线的电路特性浅析  

A SIMPLE ANALYSIS OF THE ELECTRICAL CHARACTERS OF CONDUCTING LINES

作　　者：李培增 王槿[1,2] 惠王伟[1,2] 王晓杰 严振华[3,4] LI Peizeng;WANG Jin;HUI Wangwei;WANG Xiaojie;YAN Zhenhua(School of Physics,Nankai University,Tianjin 300071;National Demonstration Center for Experimental Physics Education,Nankai University,Tianjin 300071;College of Chemistry,Nankai University,Tianjin 300071;Key Laboratory of Advanced Energy Materials Chemistry(Ministry of Education),Nankai University,Tianjin 300071)

机构地区：[1]南开大学物理科学学院,天津300071 [2]南开大学基础物理国家级实验教学示范中心,天津300071 [3]南开大学化学学院,天津300071 [4]南开大学先进能源材料化学教育部重点实验室,天津300071

出　　处：《物理与工程》2022年第4期140-144,共5页Physics and Engineering

基　　金：2020高等学校教学研究项目(DJZW202010hb);国家基础科学人才培养基金项目(J1210027);南开大学物理基地能力提高项目(J1103208);南开大学2021年实验教学改革项目(实验课程改革类四新专业(21NKSYSX02))。

摘　　要：纸基器件以其低成本、高便携性、安全环保和工艺简单等特点,逐渐成为研究的热点。本文选题来自于2020年国际青年物理学家锦标赛第十题,“Conducting Lines”。在本文中,我们设计实验方案,搭建了控制压力变量的画线实验装置,用铅笔制作了不同类型的电阻和电容型纸基器件。对铅笔画出的“导线”构建的纸基器件进行测试,并从等效电路原理出发分析,测量了相关电学参数并探究其直流和交流特性。实验结果与理论分析符合较好。本文工作提供了一种简单易行的基于纸基器件的电路特性的教学实验方法,适用于本科实验教学。Paper-based devices have gradually become research hotspots due to their low cost,high portability,safety,environmental protection,and simple process.The topic of this paper comes from the tenth question of the 2020 International Young Physicists’Tournament,“Conducting Lines”.In this paper,we designed an experimental program,built a scribing experiment device to control pressure variables,and made different types of resistor and capacitor paper-based devices with pencils.The paper-based devices constructed by the“wires”drawn by pencils were tested,analyzed from the principle of equivalent circuit,and related electrical parameters were measured,and their DC and AC characteristics were explored.The experimental results are in good agreement with the theoretical analysis.The work in this paper provides a simple and practical teaching experiment method based on the circuit characteristics of paper-based devices,which is suitable for undergraduate experiment teaching.

关 键 词：纸基器件 控制变量 等效电路 交流特性 IYPT 

分 类 号：TM13[电气工程—电工理论与新技术]