测量方法对奥氏体不锈钢熔敷金属中铁素体含量的影响  

Effect of measurement method on ferrite content in austenitic stainless steel weld

作　　者：曹宇堃 郭枭 宋北 姜英龙 李苏珊 赵松柏 CAO Yukun;GUO Xiao;SONG Bei;JIANG Yinglong;LI Sushan;ZHAO Songbai(Harbin Welding Institute Limited Company,Harbin 150028,China)

机构地区：[1]哈尔滨焊接研究院有限公司,哈尔滨150028

出　　处：《压力容器》2022年第8期16-21,共6页Pressure Vessel Technology

基　　金：黑龙江省“百千万”工程科技重大专项“高端智能焊接装备及焊接材料技术开发”项目(2020ZX0301)。

摘　　要：铁素体含量测量方法主要包括化学图谱法、金相法和磁性法等,不同方法的测量结果存在显著差异且难以互相比较。为针对不同环境选取最优方法,分别采用图谱法、金相法和磁性法对E308L,ER308L奥氏体不锈钢熔敷金属的δ铁素体含量进行了测量,并重点基于金相法开展了δ铁素体三维形态对数据结果的影响研究。结果表明:三种方法测量结果存在一定差异,磁性法测量结果高于图谱法、金相法。δ铁素体的三维形态对金相法测量结果具有一定影响,相比较而言,熔敷金属横截面、纵截面δ铁素体含量数据波动较大,水平截面数据分散度较小,平均值差异不大。基于磁性法的δ铁素体含量数据整体波动较小。以上结果主要是因为奥氏体不锈钢熔敷金属中铁素体受熔敷金属结晶过程的影响较大,分布位置和形态不规则。磁性法测量结果为三维空间内δ铁素体与基体体积比,金相法测量结果为δ铁素体在多个不同二维平面上与基体所投影的面积比。磁性法较金相法从原理上具有空间和无损测量的优势,测量结果更为稳定,且便于实际工程操作中的应用。The measurement methods of ferrite content mainly include method of chemical profile,metallographic method and magnetic method,etc.The measurement results of different methods are obviously different and difficult to compare with each other.In order to select the best method for different environments,theδferrite contents of E308 L and ER308 L austenitic stainless steel deposited metal were measured by atlas method,metallographic method and magnetic method respectively,and the influence of three-dimensional morphology ofδferrite on the data results was mainly studied based on metallographic method.The results show there is a certain difference among the measurement results of the three methods,and the measurement results of magnetic method are higher than those of atlas method and metallographic method.The three-dimensional morphology ofδferrite has a certain influence on the results measured by metallographic method.Comparatively speaking,the data ofδferrite content in the cross section and longitudinal section of the deposited metal fluctuates greatly,the data dispersion of the horizontal section is small,and the average difference is not large.The data ofδferrite content based on magnetic method fluctuates little.The above results are mainly due to great influence of ferrite in austenitic stainless steel deposited metal by the crystallization process of deposited metal,its distribution position and irregular shape.The magnetic measurement result is the volume ratio ofδferrite to matrix in three-dimensional space,and the metallographic measurement result is the projected area ratio ofδferrite to matrix in different two-dimensional planes.Compared with metallographic method,magnetic method has the advantages of space and nondestructive measurement in principle,and the measurement results are more stable and convenient for practical engineering operation.

关 键 词：奥氏体不锈钢 Δ铁素体 金相法 图谱法 磁性法 

分 类 号：TH142.2[一般工业技术—材料科学与工程] TG142.25[机械工程—机械制造及自动化] TG434[金属学及工艺—金属材料]