基础研究对新冠肺炎疫情防控的引领及支撑作用  

How Basic Science Research Pioneers and Supports the Prevention and Control of COVID-19 Outbreaks

作　　者：关伟杰[1,2] 杨子峰[1] 赵金存 沈华浩[3] 宋元林[4] 关文达[1] 黎毅敏[1] 黄勇波[1] 陈凌[1] 钟南山[1] Weijie Guan;Zifeng Yang;Jincun Zhao;Huahao Shen;Yuanlin Song;Wenda Guan;Yimin Li;Yongbo Huang;Ling Chen;Nanshan Zhong(State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease/National Clinical Research Centre for Respiratory Disease/Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health,The First Affliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University,Guangzhou 510120;Department of Thoracic Surgery/Guangzhou Instiute for Respiratory Health,The First Affliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University,Guangzhou 510120;Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine,The Second Afiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine,Hangzhou,310009;Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine,Zhongshan Hospital Fudan University,Shanghai 200032)

机构地区：[1]广州医科大学附属第一医院呼吸疾病国家重点实验室/呼吸疾病国家临床研究中心/广州呼吸健康研究院,广州510120 [2]广州医科大学附属第一医院胸外科/广州呼吸健康研究院,广州510120 [3]浙江大学医学院附属第二医院呼吸与危重症监护科,杭州310009 [4]复旦大学附属中山医院呼吸与危重症监护科,上海200032

出　　处：《中国科学基金》2022年第4期555-568,共14页Bulletin of National Natural Science Foundation of China

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(82041014,82025001,82041003,32170941,82170003,82172240和82100118)的资助。

摘　　要：医学基础研究的出发点与最终目标是解决临床实践过程中遇到的实际问题,从而提高患者诊治成功率。自抗击非典型肺炎疫情以来,国家自然科学基金委员会长期连续地资助了以疫情防控和临床需求为导向的基础研究,不但产出了大量原创性科研成果,也培育了一批优势团队和平台。在抗击以新型冠状病毒肺炎为代表的突发呼吸道传染性疾病过程中,多个团队在前期研究基础上,通过多学科交叉(临床、医工、信息等)形成了整体防疫和系列救治方案,包括建立了呼吸道病毒诊断与预警平台,研发了新一代病毒检测设备和试剂,提出了重症预警、肺保护通气、中西医相结合的抗病毒联合治疗措施,快速开发了疫苗和药物,研究成果被写入国内外新冠肺炎诊疗指南。这些均充分体现出基础研究领域的长远布局有力地支撑了我国疫情防控和患者诊治的战略需求。在“面向人民生命健康”的指导思想下,进一步发挥基础研究对新冠疫情防控的推动及引领作用,具有重要的科学和现实意义。The standpoint and ultimate goal of conducting medical scientific research is to address the questions encountered in clinical practice,thus enhancing the treatment success rate.Since the fight against the severe acute respiratory syndrome,the National Science Foundation has for long continuously provided abundant funding sources to support the basic scientific research directed towards the prevention and control of outbreaks and the clinical needs.This has not only translated into an abundance of original findings,but also nurtured a number of prolific teams and platforms.While combating with emerging severe respiratory communicable diseases such as coronavirus disease 2019,multiple research teams have,on the basis of the previous research achievement,harnessed the interdisciplinary approaches to form a series of experience for the integrated outbreak prevention and control as well as the clinical management(ranging from clinical to medical engineering and bioinformatics).These included the establishment of diagnostic and pre-warning platforms for respiratory viruses,the invention of an integrated instrument for viral nucleic acid extraction and detection,the establishment of severe illness prediction,lung protective ventilation strategy,antiviral plasma therapy,the integrated system with multiple antiviral therapeutic strategies with combined western and Chinese medicine,as well as the development of effective vaccines and medications.These achievements have been incorporated into the Chinese and World Health Organization guidelines for the clinical management of coronavirus disease 2019.All these have been the proof of the long-term effective support of the National Science Foundation to the strategic needs for the prevention and control as well as the clinical management in China.Guided by the thought“orienting people’s health”,further strengthening the guidance of basic scientific research on the prevention and control of outbreaks will have important scientific and social relevance.

关 键 词：国家自然科学基金 新型冠状病毒 新发烈性呼吸道传染性疾病 基础研究 创新 临床转化 临床救治 

分 类 号：R563.1[医药卫生—呼吸系统]