抗新型冠状病毒中和抗体研究现状及展望  

Current Status and Prospect of Anti-SARS-CoV-2 Neutralizing Antibodies

作　　者：鞠斌 周兵 张政 Bin Ju;Bing Zhou;Zheng Zhang(Institute for Hepatology,Shenzhen Third People's Hospital,Shenzhen 518112;The Second Affliated Hospital,Southern University of Science and Technology,Shenzhen 518112)

机构地区：[1]深圳市第三人民医院肝病研究所,深圳518112 [2]南方科技大学第二附属医院,深圳518112

出　　处：《中国科学基金》2022年第4期624-629,共6页Bulletin of National Natural Science Foundation of China

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(82025022,92169204,82002140,82171752,82101861)的资助。

摘　　要：中和抗体是一种卓越的抗病毒“特效药”,在对抗新型冠状病毒肺炎疫情中被寄予厚望,然而新冠病毒变异株不断出现,完全或者部分逃逸了中和抗体,显著降低了中和抗体的抗病毒作用。本文综述了当前新冠中和抗体的研发现状,重点阐明了这些抗体的作用靶点、机制以及分类特征等;并在新冠病毒变异株全球大流行的背景下,探讨中和抗体面临的严峻挑战和未来可能的发展方向,旨在为研发更加广谱中和抗体对抗病毒突变提供重要思路。Neutralizing antibody(nAb)is a kind of excellent drug to fight against the virus infection,which is considered as a good candidate for preventing and controlling the COVID-19.However,with the emerging of various variants,SARS-CoV-2 totally or partially escapes the neutralization of nAbs,largely reducing their antiviral effects.In this review,we summarize the current status of anti-SARS-CoV-2 nAbs,focusing on their binding epitopes,neutralizing mechanisms,and classification features.Meanwhile,we discuss the stark challenge faced by nAbs under the global pandemic of SARS-CoV-2 variants and the possible developments of nAbs in future,with the aim of providing some important options to design the next-generation broader nAbs against the SARS-CoV-2 mutation and evolution.

关 键 词：新型冠状病毒 中和抗体 受体结合区域 ACE2受体 病毒突变 免疫逃逸 广谱中和抗体 

分 类 号：R392[医药卫生—免疫学]