酚醛树脂基炭微球结构调控与功能化制备研究进展  

Research progress on structural modulation and functionalized preparation of phenolic resin-based carbon microspheres

作　　者：邵健 冯军宗[1] 柳凤琦 姜勇刚[1] 李良军 冯坚[1] SHAO Jian;FENG Junzong;LIU Fengqi;JIANG Yonggang;LI Liangjun;FENG Jian(Science and Technology on Advanced Ceramic Fibers and Composites Laboratory,College of Aerospace Science and Engineering,National University of Defense Technology,Changsha 410073,Hunan,China)

机构地区：[1]国防科技大学空天科学学院,新型陶瓷纤维及其复合材料重点实验室,湖南长沙410073

出　　处：《化工学报》2022年第9期3787-3801,F0002,共16页CIESC Journal

基　　金：湖南省重点研发计划项目(2022GK2027)。

摘　　要：炭微球具有化学稳定性好、电导率优良、比表面积大、孔结构丰富等优点,在吸附、催化等领域具有广阔的应用前景,引起了研究人员的广泛关注。酚醛基炭微球以酚醛树脂为前体,经高温炭化制备而成,这种制备方法工艺简单、对设备要求低、产率高,而且通过调整反应物和反应条件可实现对炭微球结构和功能性的精细调控,从而更好地满足实际应用的需求。概述了酚醛基炭微球的最新研究进展,分为小粒径炭微球制备、多孔炭微球制备和功能化炭微球制备三个方面,并介绍了酚醛基炭微球在储能、吸附和电催化领域的应用,最后对其未来发展方向进行了展望。With the advantages of favorable chemical stability and electrical conductivity,large specific surface area,and rich pore structure,carbon microspheres have broad application prospects in adsorption,catalysis,and other fields,which have attracted extensive attentions from researchers.As one of the preparation methods of carbon microspheres,phenolic-based carbon microspheres are obtained by high-temperature carbonization process with phenolic resin as the precursor.This preparation method has the advantages of simple process,low requirements on equipment,and high yield of the carbon microspheres.In addition,the structure and functionality of the obtained carbon microspheres can be regulated by adjusting the reactants and reaction conditions,which can be better conform to the requirements of practical applications.In this paper,recent studies of phenolic-based carbon microspheres are reviewed,which are mainly divided into three aspects:small-particle carbon microspheres preparation,porous carbon microspheres preparation,and functionalized carbon microspheres preparation,it also introduces the applications of phenolic-based carbon microspheres in the fields of energy storage,adsorption and electro-catalysis,and the future directions of their development are prospected in the end.

关 键 词：纳米材料 聚合物 微球 热解 吸附 催化 燃料电池 

分 类 号：TB321[一般工业技术—材料科学与工程] TB324