考虑收入均衡的家居配送物流优化研究  

Research on optimization of household distribution logistics considering income balance

作　　者：徐翔斌[1] 曹搏悦 XU Xiangbin;CAO Boyue(School of Transportation Engineering,East China Jiaotong University,Nanchang 330013,China)

机构地区：[1]华东交通大学交通运输工程学院,江西南昌330013

出　　处：《铁道科学与工程学报》2022年第9期2592-2600,共9页Journal of Railway Science and Engineering

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(72261011);江西省自然科学基金资助项目(20181BAB201010)。

摘　　要：针对家居配送物流问题,提出考虑司机收入均衡的配送安装一体化服务策略,以车辆路径成本与司机收入均衡作为优化目标,构建了考虑收入均衡多技能带时间窗车辆路径问题模型,并设计了模拟退火算法对问题模型进行求解。算法求解时优先考虑司机安装技能与客户需求的匹配度,再综合考虑重量约束、时间窗约束和司机收入均衡度的情况下生成车辆路径,实现在满足客户需求的车辆路径成本最低的同时,保证司机的收入相对均衡。对Solomon标准算例进行改造,将本文提出的算法与改进的遗传算法和伊藤-蚂蚁算法进行车辆数目和路径长度的对比,结果表明,本算法在大规模算例中求解时间更有优势,实现了司机收入相对均衡,并且车辆数目和路径长度结果较优;并且基于实际案例验证了本文提出的模型和算法既能显著降低物流企业的车辆行驶路径长度与行驶,大幅度节约物流成本,还能保证司机收入相对均衡。与传统的家居物流配送相比,本文所提出的模型和算法能够缩短配送安装时间,提升客户体验度,并且收入均衡能够大幅度提升司机的积极性,降低人员流失带来的损失成本,进而提高企业的整体效益。本文研究可为第三方家装物流平台从司机收入均衡这一公平关切的角度对家居配送物流优化提供理论指导,有利于降低社会物流的总成本。Aiming at the problem of household distribution and logistics,a distribution and installation integrated service strategy that considers the balance of driver income was proposed.With the vehicle path cost and driver’s income balance as the optimization objective,a multi-skilled vehicle routing problem model with time windows considering the income balance was constructed and designed.The simulated annealing algorithm solved the problem model.When solving the algorithm,the priority was given to the matching degree between the driver’s installation skills and the customer’s needs.And then,the vehicle path was generated with comprehensive consideration of weight constraints,time window constraints,and driver’s income balance,so as to achieve the lowest cost of vehicle routing to meet customer needs while ensuring the driver’s income was relatively balanced.The Solomon standard calculation example was modified,and the algorithm proposed in this paper was compared with the improved genetic algorithm and the Ito-ant algorithm for the number of vehicles and path length.The results show that the algorithm has more advantages in solving time in large-scale calculation examples.The driver’s income is relatively balanced,and the number of vehicles and path length results are better.Based on actual cases,it is verified that the model and algorithm proposed in this paper can not only significantly reduce the length and driving of the vehicles of logistics enterprises,greatly save logistics costs,but also ensure that the driver’s income is relatively balanced.Compared with traditional home logistics and distribution,the model and algorithm proposed in this article can shorten the distribution and installation time,improve customer experience.And the income balance can greatly increase the motivation of drivers,reduce the loss cost caused by the loss of personnel,and improve the enterprise’s overall benefit.The research in this paper can provide the third-party home improvement logistics platform with theoretic

关 键 词：收入均衡 多技能车辆路径 模拟退火算法 SOLOMON 

分 类 号：U492.2[交通运输工程—交通运输规划与管理]