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作 者:周强 周明东 李鹏 ZHOU Qiang;ZHOU Mingdong;LI Peng(College of Electronic and Information Engineering,Shandong University of Science and Technology,Qingdao,Shandong 266590)
机构地区:[1]山东科技大学电子信息工程学院,山东青岛266590
出 处:《物理与工程》2022年第3期26-28,共3页Physics and Engineering
基 金:山东科技大学教育教学研究“群星计划”项目(QX2020M43,QX2021ZKT03)。
摘 要:在现行的物理学教材中,对真空中光的多普勒效应只给出了一个计算公式,其实还有一个。本文分别基于光的量子性和波动性导出这两个公式,并分析其一致性,最后作计算对比分析。其中用到光的频率变换的概念,其变换式可由光子四维动量的洛仑兹变换导出。光的多普勒效应本质上是光的频率变换的特例,与频率变换有正、逆两个变换一样,它也有两个计算公式。分别用这两个公式计算多普勒效应,繁简程度不同但结果一样。In the current physics textbooks,only one formula is given for the Doppler effect of light in vacuum,however there is actually another one.In this paper,the two formulas are derived based on the quantum and wave properties of light,and their consistency is analyzed.Then finally the calculation and comparative analysis are made.The concept of frequency transformation of light is used,and its transformation formulas can be derived from the Lorentz transformation of the photon’s four-dimensional momentum.The Doppler effect of light is essentially special case of the frequency transformation of light,just like the frequency transformation has positive and inverse transformations,it also has two formulas too.Using these two formulas to calculate the Doppler effect respectively,the degree of complexity is different but the results are the same.
关 键 词:四维动量的洛仑兹变换 频率变换 多普勒效应
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