抗菌型聚氨酯反渗透膜的制备及性能  

Preparation and Properties of Anti-Bacterial Polyurethane Reverse Osmosis Membrane

作　　者：姬定西 胡振华[1] 李俊菀[1] 龙国军[1] 赵艳娜[2] JI Ding-xi;HU Zhen-hua;LI Jun-wan;LONG Guo-jun;ZHAO Yan-na(Xi'an Thermal Engineering Research Institute Co.,Ltd.,Xi'an 710054,China;College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering,Shaanxi University of Science and Technology,Xi'an 710021,China)

机构地区：[1]西安热工研究院有限公司,陕西西安710054 [2]陕西科技大学化学与化工学院,陕西西安710021

出　　处：《塑料科技》2022年第8期22-27,共6页Plastics Science and Technology

基　　金：陕西省教育厅项目(17JS011);陕西省科技计划项目(2022SF-053);西安市科技局项目[201805023YD1CG7(4)]。

摘　　要：采用1,1-二甲基双胍盐酸盐(DBHC)对自制超支化聚氨酯(HCPU)进行接枝改性,得到抗菌型超支化聚氨酯(HABPU)。通过静电纺丝技术,制备具有杀菌功能的反渗透膜。采用场发射扫描电子显微镜(SEM)、原子力显微镜(AFM)、接触角测定仪及固体表面Zeta电位分析仪,表征反渗透膜的表面形貌和性质。通过孔隙率测试、反渗透膜选择透过性测试、抗有机物污染测试、抗菌测试等表征反渗透膜的性能。结果表明:HABPU改性膜较未改性膜表面微观形貌、粗糙度和孔隙率等变化较小,润湿性增强。电解质溶液p H值=6~7时,HABPU改性膜表面几乎不显电性。HABPU改性膜的渗透通量和截留率分别达到(57.5±2.1)L/(m2·h)和(95.2±0.5)%,均高于未改性膜。HABPU改性膜与大肠杆菌(Escherichia coli)和金黄色葡萄球菌(staphylococcus aureus)接触2 h后,杀菌率达到100%,表现优良的抗菌性能。The antibacterial hyperbranched polyurethane(HABPU) was obtained by grafting modification of self-made hyperbranched polyurethane(HCPU) with 1,1-dimethylbiguanide hydrochloride(DBHC).A reverse osmosis membrane with bactericidal function was prepared by electrospinning technology.The surface morphology and properties of the reverse osmosis membrane were characterized by field emission scanning electron microscope(SEM),atomic force microscope(AFM),contact angle meter and solid surface Zeta potential analyzer.The performance of reverse osmosis membrane was characterized by porosity test,reverse osmosis membrane selective permeability test,anti-organic pollution test and antibacterial test.The results show that the surface morphology,roughness and porosity of HABPU modified membrane change less than those of unmodified membrane,and the wettability is enhanced.When pH value of electrolyte solution is 6~7,the surface of HABPU modified membrane is almost non-electrolytic.The permeation flux and rejection rate of the HABPU modified membrane reach(57.5±2.1) L/(m2·h) and(95.2±0.5)%,respectively,which are higher than those of the unmodified membrane.After contact with Escherichia coli and staphylococcus aureus for 2 h,the sterilization rate of HABPU modified membrane reach 100%,showing excellent antibacterial properties.

关 键 词：超支化聚氨酯 抗生物污染 反渗透膜 静电纺丝 

分 类 号：TQ051.8[化学工程]