浅谈蓄电池叉车的防爆改装及防爆性能检验  

Brief Discussion on Explosion- Proof Modification and Explosion- Proof Performance Inspection of Battery Forklift

作　　者：马婉玉 杨德双 路领 王琪超 MA Wanyu;YANG Deshuang;LU Ling;WANG Qichao(Shanghai Inspection and Testing Institute of Instruments and Automation Systems Co.,Ltd.,Shanghai 200233,China)

机构地区：[1]上海仪器仪表自控系统检验测试所有限公司,上海200233

出　　处：《自动化仪表》2022年第9期90-94,共5页Process Automation Instrumentation

摘　　要：普通蓄电池叉车在可燃爆炸性环境作业过程中,可能会因火花、静电、过热等因素导致引燃或引爆事故。随着叉车应用领域的拓展,防爆技术的作用和地位日益显现,对于此类蓄电池叉车的防爆安全性有更细化的要求。目前,国内对防爆叉车改装的研究成果理论性较强,但不能为生产厂家及检测工程师提供直观参考。结合国标GB/T 19854—2018,首先论述了对原始叉车各个零部件按照相关的国家防爆标准进行防爆改装的方法;然后论述了防温升、防静电、防机械火花等设计及优化方法,通过采取相应措施消除、控制引燃(爆)源,从而达到整车防爆特性;最后进一步明确了防爆蓄电池叉车必须通过的防爆性能检验,以及必须遵守的使用注意事项。该研究为叉车防爆改装厂家及检测工程师提供了较为简明的方法,从而有效降低防爆叉车发生爆炸事故的概率。Ordinary battery forklifts may cause ignition or detonation accidents due to sparks, static electricity, and overheating during operation in combustible and explosive environments. With the expansion of forklift applications, the role and status of explosion-proof technology have become increasingly apparent, and there are more refined requirements for the explosion-proof safety of such battery forklifts. At present, the domestic research results on explosion-proof forklift conversion are more theoretical but cannot provide intuitive reference for production plants and testing engineers. Combining with the national standard GB/T 19854—2018, firstly, the method of explosion-proof modification of each component of the original forklift truck according to the relevant national explosion-proof standard is discussed;then, the design and optimization methods of anti-temperature rise, anti-static and anti-mechanical spark are discussed, and the ignition(explosion) source is eliminated and controlled by taking corresponding measures so as to achieve the explosion-proof characteristics of the whole vehicle;finally, it further clarifies the explosion-proof performance tests that the explosion-proof battery forklifts must pass and the precautions that must be observed. The study provides a more concise method for forklift explosion-proof modification manufacturers and testing engineers to effectively reduce the probability of explosion-proof forklift accidents.

关 键 词：防爆叉车 蓄电池 防爆改装 防爆性能 点燃源 

分 类 号：TH242[机械工程—机械制造及自动化]