施用锰肥对根际土壤锰有效性及小麦镉吸收转运的影响  

Effects of manganese fertilizer on rhizosphere soil manganese availability and cadmium uptake and transport by wheat

作　　者：姚澄 周天宇 易超 史高玲 沈文忠 张绪美 陈未 樊广萍 高岩[2,3] YAO Cheng;ZHOU Tianyu;YI Chao;SHI Gaoling;SHEN Wenzhong;ZHANG Xumei;CHEN Wei;FAN Guangping;GAO Yan(School of the Environment and Safety Engineering,Jiangsu University,Zhenjiang 212013,China;Institute of Agricultural Resources and Environment,Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Nanjing 210014,China;Key Laboratory of Agro-Environment in Downstream of Yangze Plain,Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs,Nanjing 210014,China;Taicang Agricultural Technology Extension Center,Taicang 215400,China)

机构地区：[1]江苏大学环境与安全工程学院,江苏镇江212013 [2]江苏省农业科学院农业资源与环境研究所,南京210014 [3]农业农村部长江下游平原农业环境重点实验室,南京210014 [4]太仓市农业技术推广中心,江苏太仓215400

出　　处：《农业环境科学学报》2022年第9期1955-1965,共11页Journal of Agro-Environment Science

基　　金：江苏省农业科技自主创新资金项目(CX(20)1010);太仓市重点研发计划-社会发展项目(TC2021SF02)。

摘　　要：为探究施用锰肥对重度污染土壤中小麦Cd吸收的影响,采用盆栽试验,研究了施加不同浓度(13、26、66 mg·kg^(-1))和不同种类(常规锰肥、缓释锰肥)锰肥对根际土壤Cd、Mn有效性和小麦Cd、Mn吸收转运的影响。结果表明:施用锰肥可显著增加土壤有效态Mn含量,且缓释锰肥在小麦生长后期对土壤Mn的供给显著高于常规锰肥。与对照(不施锰肥)相比,常规锰肥在小麦生长前期使土壤有效态Mn含量增加了8%~61%;缓释锰肥在小麦生长后期使土壤中有效态Mn含量增加了6%~105%。施用常规锰肥显著增加了小麦拔节期根部Mn含量,而施用缓释锰肥在小麦灌浆期和成熟期显著增加了小麦根部Mn含量。施用锰肥处理显著降低了小麦拔节期和孕穗期根部Cd含量和成熟期地上部Cd含量。所有处理中,仅施用中、高浓度常规锰肥和中浓度缓释锰肥显著降低了小麦籽粒中Cd含量,降幅分别为14%、27%和17%。相关性分析显示,在小麦全生育期,小麦根部Mn含量与地上部Cd含量、小麦根部向地上部Cd转移系数均呈负相关关系。研究表明,施用锰肥可通过增加土壤有效态Mn含量,促进小麦根部Mn吸收,从而抑制小麦根部Cd吸收,减少小麦根部Cd向地上部的转运。在中、重度Cd污染土壤中,单施锰肥不能保证小麦的安全生产,需要同时采取更多有效措施或综合农艺技术,进一步降低Cd在小麦籽粒中的积累。To explore the effect of manganese(Mn)fertilizer on cadmium(Cd)absorption by wheat in heavily polluted soil,pot experiments were conducted to study the effect of different concentrations of manganese fertilizers(13,26 mg·kg^(-1),and 66 mg·kg^(-1))and different types of manganese fertilizers[conventional manganese fertilizer(CMF),slow-release manganese fertilizer(SMF)]on rhizosphere soil Cd and Mn availability and Cd and Mn uptake and transport in wheat.The results showed that the application of Mn fertilizer could significantly increase the content of available soil Mn,and the supply of Mn to soil by SMF in the later stage of wheat growth was significantly higher than that of CMF.Compared with the control,CMF increased the content of available soil Mn by 8%~61%in the early stage of wheat growth;SMF increased the content of available soil Mn 6%~105%in the later stage of wheat growth.The application of CMF significantly increased the Mn content of wheat roots at the elongation stage.In contrast,the application of SMF significantly increased the Mn content of wheat roots at the grain-filling and mature stages of wheat.Mn fertilizer treatment significantly decreased the Cd content in roots at the elongation and booting stages and shoot Cd content at the maturity stage.Among all the treatments,only the application of medium-and high-concentration CMF and medium-concentration SMF significantly reduced the Cd content in wheat grains by 14%,27%,and 17%,respectively.Correlation analysis showed that Mn content in wheat roots was negatively correlated with Cd content in the shoots and the Cd transfer coefficient from wheat roots to shoots during the entire growth period of wheat.The above results showed that the application of Mn fertilizer could increase the content of available Mn in soil and promote the uptake of Mn in the roots of wheat,thereby inhibiting the uptake of Cd by the roots of wheat and reducing the transport of Cd from wheat roots to shoots.In moderate and severe Cd-contaminated soils,the application of Mn

关 键 词：小麦 镉 锰肥 镉吸收转运 

分 类 号：S512.1[农业科学—作物学] X53[环境科学与工程—环境工程]