玉米种植体系土壤磷素有效性对有机肥长期施用响应的Meta分析  

Response of soil phosphorus availability to long-term application of organic fertilizer under maize cropping system:A meta-analysis

作　　者：吕春玲 陈延华[2] 何文天 张思宇 姜娜 樊代佳 杨华薇 杨殿林 邹国元[2] LÜChunling;CHEN Yanhua;HE Wentian;ZHANG Siyu;JIANG Na;FAN Daijia;YANG Huawei;YANG Dianlin;ZOU Guoyuan(Agro-Environmental Protection Institute,Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs,Tianjin 300191,China;Institute of Plant Nutrition,Resources and Environment,Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences,Beijing 100097,China;College of Resources and Environment,Northeast Agricultural University,Harbin 150030,China)

机构地区：[1]农业农村部环境保护科研监测所,天津300191 [2]北京市农林科学院植物营养与资源环境研究所,北京100097 [3]东北农业大学资源与环境学院,哈尔滨150030

出　　处：《农业环境科学学报》2022年第9期2011-2022,共12页Journal of Agro-Environment Science

基　　金：中国农业科学院科技创新工程协同创新任务项目(CAAS-XTCX2016015);财政部和农业农村部国家现代农业产业技术体系项目;北京市农林科学院改革与发展计划项目(YZS201905,YZS202103)。

摘　　要：长期施用有机肥能够提高土壤有效磷含量,但不同的研究间差异较大,通过基于有机肥种类、施用量、有机肥替代化肥比例和土壤因素等大量试验数据的整合分析,研究不同因素下土壤磷素有效性对有机肥长期施用的响应,对指导有机肥的科学施用具有重要意义。本研究收集了公开发表的文献147篇,建立了305组包含单施化肥(CF)和化肥配施有机肥(CFM)处理的土壤有效磷含量数据库。采用Meta分析研究全国多个长期定位试验点的CF和CFM处理下土壤有效磷含量差异及其影响因素。结果表明,CFM处理能显著提高土壤有效磷含量,每投入100 kg·hm^(-2)的磷,土壤有效磷增加量约为CF处理的2.6倍。高施磷量(>300kg·hm^(-2))对土壤有效磷含量的提升幅度,约是低施磷量(<75 kg·hm^(-2))和中等施磷量(75~150 kg·hm^(-2)和150~300 kg·hm^(-2))的3.5倍和2.3~2.6倍。不同有机肥对土壤有效磷含量的影响表现为畜禽粪便类>商品有机肥类>秸秆类>城市垃圾类有机肥。其中,畜禽粪便类中,猪粪、鸡粪和牛粪对土壤有效磷含量的影响较为显著,增幅分别为210.4%、209.3%和156.7%。在不同有机肥替代化肥比例下,施用有机肥对土壤有效磷含量的提升效果,随有机肥替代化肥比例的增加而升高,且差异显著,有机肥替代化肥比例为75%和100%时,增幅可达211.7%和239.7%。土壤类型、有机质含量、pH等土壤因素是影响施用有机肥对土壤有效磷含量提升效果的重要因素。其中,不同土壤类型下土壤有效磷增幅在12.7%~212.1%之间,表现为红壤>潮土>褐土>黑土>棕壤;在土壤有机质含量为0.6%~1%时,土壤有效磷增幅可达248.5%,分别是土壤有机质含量<0.6%、1%~2%和2%~3%时的2.1、2.0倍和10.9倍;当pH为酸性(5~6.5)或者pH为中性(6.5~7.5)时,施用有机肥对土壤有效磷的提升效果显著高于pH为碱性(7.5~9)时。此外,土壤有效磷增幅随年均降雨量和年均温度的升高�The long-term application of organic fertilizers can improve soil available phosphorus(P)content,but there exist large differences between studies.Through the integration analysis of a large amount of experimental data based on the types of organic fertilizer,application amount,organic fertilizer replacement ratio,and soil factors,the response of soil P availability under different factors to the long-term application of organic fertilizer has important significance for guiding the scientific fertilization of organic fertilizer.In this study,147 published papers,which contained 305 datasets of soil available P content,were used to establish a database for the application of chemical fertilizer(CF)and the combined application of chemical and organic fertilizers(CFM).The differences in soil available P content under CF and CFM treatments from numerous long-term field experimental sites around China and the driving factors were analyzed based on a meta-analysis.The results showed that the CFM treatment significantly increased the content of soil available P and the increased soil available P content per 100 kg·hm^(-2).P input was approximately 2.6 times that of the CF treatment.The increased rate of soil available P at high P application rate(>300 kg·hm^(-2))was approximately 3.5 times and 2.3~2.6 times higher than that at low P application rate(<75 kg·hm^(-2))and medium P application rate(75~150 kg·hm^(-2)and 150~300 kg·hm^(-2)).The order of the impact of different organic fertilizers on soil available P content was animal manure>commercial organic fertilizer>straw>municipal waste.Among animal manure,pig,cow,and chicken manure exerted a significant effect on the soil available P content,increasing by 210.4%,209.3%,and 156.7%,respectively.The elevation in the available soil P increased with increasing organic fertilizer,peaking at 239.7%and 211.7%when the proportion of organic fertilizer reached 100%and 75%,respectively.Soil properties(soil type,organic matter content,and pH)were the main factors affecting the

关 键 词：土壤有效磷 磷投入量 有机肥 土壤因素 META分析 

分 类 号：S513[农业科学—作物学]