基于土柱实验的绿色屋顶种植基质氮、磷淋溶特征  

Leaching Characteristics of Nitrogen and Phosphorus from Green Roof Growing Media Based on Soil Column Experiments

作　　者：何松 宫永伟[1] 谢鹏 陈博 王文海[1] HE Song;GONG Yong-wei;XIE Peng;CHEN Bo;WANG Wen-hai(Key Laboratory of Urban Stormwater System and Water Environment,Beijing University of Civil Engineering and Architecture,Beijing 100044,China;Beijing Tongzhou Water Authority,Beijing 101199,China)

机构地区：[1]北京建筑大学城市雨水系统与水环境教育部重点实验室,北京100044 [2]北京市通州区水务局,北京101199

出　　处：《中国给水排水》2022年第17期125-130,共6页China Water & Wastewater

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(51879004);北京建筑大学市属高校基本科研业务费专项资金资助项目(X20145、X20160)。

摘　　要：基于土柱实验,采用间歇淋溶方法研究了7种不同配比的绿色屋顶种植基质的氮、磷淋溶情况,以探究绿色屋顶种植基质配比对雨水径流水质的影响。结果表明,基质淋溶液的氮、磷浓度随淋溶次数的增加而降低,并逐渐趋于稳定,前3次氮、磷淋溶量占总淋溶量的62.8%~79.9%。基质的TP淋溶量低于TN淋溶量,NO_(3)^(-)-N是TN淋溶的主要形态,其淋溶量远大于NH4+-N。未添加营养土的基质氮、磷淋溶量最低;轻沙壤土会增加基质的TP淋溶量;当腐叶土或腐殖土占比较大时,氮、磷淋溶量较大,因此不宜将其作为基质中占比较大的材料。在保证植物正常生长的前提下,为减少基质的氮、磷淋溶量,推荐使用田园土作为基质的主要材料,配以适量草炭或松针作为营养物质,并添加少量可以改良土壤结构的蛭石或珍珠岩。The leaching characteristics of nitrogen and phosphorus from seven soil columns packing with different proportions of green roof growing media were investigated by intermittent leaching method,so as to explore the influence of the proportion of green roof growing media on the stormwater runoff quality.The nitrogen and phosphorus concentrations in the leachate decreased with the increase of leaching time,and gradually tended to be stable.The leaching amounts of nitrogen and phosphorus in the first three experiments accounted for 62.8%-79.9%of the total leaching amounts.The leaching amount of TP was lower than that of TN.NO_(3)^(-)-N was the main form of TN in the leachate,and its leaching amount was much higher than that of NH4+-N.The leaching amount of nitrogen and phosphorus from the growing media without nutrient addition were the lowest.Fine sandy loam increased the leaching amount of TP from the growing media.When the proportion of leaf rot mould or humus soil in growing media was large,the leaching amounts of nitrogen and phosphorus were high.Therefore,they were not suitable to be used as the main components of the media.On the premise of ensuring the normal growth of plants,it was recommended to use pastoral soil as the main component of the media together with appropriate amount of peat or pine needles as nutrients,and add a small amount of vermiculite or perlite that can improve the soil structure,so as to reduce the leaching amounts of nitrogen and phosphorus from growing media.

关 键 词：绿色屋顶 种植基质 淋溶 氮 磷 

分 类 号：TU992[建筑科学—市政工程]