无创伤成像技术能捕捉到自我吗?——神经科学自我研究及其哲学问题  

Can Noninvasive Imaging Techniques Capture the Self?The Study of the Self in Neuroscience and Its Philosophical Problems

作　　者：高新民[1] 严国红[2] GAO Xinmin;YAN Guohong(Institute of Philosophy,Central China Normal University,Wuhan,Hubei,430079;Philosophy Teaching and Research Department,Party School of Zhejiang Provincial Committee of C.P.C,Hangzhou,Zhejiang,311121)

机构地区：[1]华中师范大学哲学研究所,湖北武汉430079 [2]中共浙江省委党校哲学教研部,浙江杭州311121

出　　处：《自然辩证法通讯》2022年第10期101-110,共10页Journal of Dialectics of Nature

基　　金：2020年度教育部人文社会科学研究规划项目“意向性与人工智能建模基础问题研究”(项目编号:20YJA720003)。

摘　　要：神经科学不仅成功介入了过去专属形而上学思辨的自我领域,而且发挥经验科学、自然主义和新生的无创伤成像技术的优势,对自指加工、自我指涉效应、神经关联物等做了值得哲学深入反思的大量研究。但借助工具、仪器对被试报告他们经验时发生的大脑过程的观察显然不是对自我的观察,充其量是对自我感的观察。怎样从对自我感的研究过渡到对自我本身的研究是当前神经科学的当务之急。在目前乃至相当长的时间内,研究自我及相关问题是不能撇开哲学形而上学的。Neuroscience not only successfully intervened in the past exclusive metaphysical speculation of the self, but also gave full play to the advantages of empirical science, naturalism and the new non-invasive imaging technology to do a lot of philosophical research worthy of deep reflection on self-referential processing, self-referential effect, neural correlates, etc. But the observation of the brain processes that took place when subjects reported their experiences with the aid of tools and instruments was clearly not an observation of the self, but at best an observation of the sense of self. How to transition from the study of the sense of self to the study of the self is the urgent task of current neuroscience. At present and even for a long time, the study of self and related issues can not be separated from philosophical metaphysics.

关 键 词：神经科学 自我 自我感 心灵哲学 

分 类 号：Q189[生物学—神经生物学]