浅谈计算凝聚态物理  

Computational condensed matter physics:a brief introduction

作　　者：孟敬尧 马天星[1] 林海青 MENG Jing-Yao;MA Tian-Xing;LIN Hai-Qing(Department of Physics,Beijing Normal University,Beijing100875,China;School of Physics,Zhejiang University,Hangzhou310027,China;Beijing Computational Science Research Center,Beijing 100193,China)

机构地区：[1]北京师范大学物理学系,北京100875 [2]浙江大学物理学院,杭州310027 [3]北京计算科学研究中心,北京100193

出　　处：《物理》2022年第9期602-610,共9页Physics

摘　　要：计算物理以计算机为工具,以计算方法和计算软件为手段,近年来发展迅速,在研究物质结构及物理规律方面成功解决了大量传统物理难以解决的难题,已经成为研究自然的理论—计算—实验鼎力三足。文章简要介绍了计算物理的起源和发展,重点关注了计算物理在凝聚态物理方面的应用,介绍了包括精确对角化、数值重正化群、蒙特卡罗、动力学平均场等方法,并阐述了各个方法的特点。在探究新奇物理现象、发展计算方法两方面,讨论了计算凝聚态物理的未来发展方向。Using the computer,combined with numerical methods and software,a field named computational physics has developed rapidly in recent years.In this field,scientists have successfully solved a large number of difficult problems in traditional physics regarding materials design and physical principles,establishing a bridge between theory and experiment.We briefly review the history and development of computational physics from its beginning,then focus on its applications in condensed matter physics.Numerical methods based on exact diagonalization,the numerical renormalization group,Monte Carlo simulation,dynamic mean field theory,etc.,are briefly described.The future of computational condensed matter physics is also discussed in terms of exploring novel physical phenomena and developing computational methods.

关 键 词：密度泛函理论 精确对角化 重正化群 蒙特卡罗 动力学平均场 

分 类 号：O469[理学—凝聚态物理]