轴承耦合故障的多步网格搜索优化稀疏诊断方法  

Diagnosis Method for Sparse Optimization Based on Multi-step Grid Search of Bearing Coupling Faults

作　　者：巩晓赟 李超 赵志伟 宁小鹁 张玉祥 韩明[2] Gong Xiaoyun;Li Chao;Zhao Zhiwei;Ning Xiaobo;Zhang Yuxiang;Han Ming(School of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering,Zhengzhou University of Light Industry,Zhengzhou 450002,China;Anyang Cigarette Factory,China Tobacco Industry Co.,Ltd.,Anyang 455004,China;Gongyi Construction Mechanical Manufacturing Co.,Ltd.,Gongyi 451200,China)

机构地区：[1]郑州轻工业大学机电工程学院,河南郑州450002 [2]河南中烟工业有限责任公司安阳卷烟厂,河南安阳455004 [3]巩义市建设机械制造有限公司,河南巩义451200

出　　处：《机械传动》2022年第10期149-155,176,共8页Journal of Mechanical Transmission

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(U1804141);河南省科技攻关项目(20220304120502);河南中烟工业有限责任公司科技创新项目(A202050)。

摘　　要：转子系统不平衡-轴承耦合故障下,不平衡故障特征与轴承故障相互调制,弱故障特征易被强故障特征和强噪声成分淹没。通过稀疏表示最优参数的选取,减少稀疏重构误差,提出一种多步网格搜索优化稀疏诊断方法,进一步提高了稀疏表示算法的抗干扰能力。首先,基于多步网格搜索理论,建立多步网格搜索优化稀疏表示方法模型,实现计算精度的提高;其次,通过优化位移因子和频率因子,实现基于自适应Gabor原子字典正交匹配追踪算法的信号重构;最后,对不同信噪比的耦合仿真故障数据进行分析。结果表明,随噪声干扰增大,所提方法的抗干扰能力增强。不同实验案例进一步验证了所提方法的准确性和适用性。Under the unbalance-bearing coupling fault of the rotor system,the unbalance fault featuresand bearing faults modulate each other,and the weak fault features are easily submerged by the strong fault fea-tures and strong noise components.Thus,a multi-step grid search optimization sparse diagnosis method is pro-posed to improve the anti-interference ability of sparse representation algorithm by selecting the optimal param-eters of sparse representation to reduce the sparse reconstruction error.Firstly,based on the multi-step gridsearch theory,a multi-step grid search optimization sparse representation method model is established to im-prove the calculation accuracy.Secondly,the signal reconstruction based on adaptive Gabor atom dictionary or-thogonal matching tracking algorithm is realized by optimizing the displacement factor and frequency factor.Fi-nally,the coupling simulation fault data with different SNR are analyzed.The results show that the anti-interfer-ence ability of the proposed method increases with the increase of noise interference and different experimentalcases further verify the accuracy and applicability of the proposed method.

关 键 词：转子系统 耦合故障诊断 稀疏表示 网格搜索 参数优化 

分 类 号：TH133.3[机械工程—机械制造及自动化]