沱江流域典型及新兴全氟/多氟化合物的污染特征及来源解析  

Pollution Characteristics and Source Apportionment of Typical and Emerging Per-and Polyfluoroalkylated Substances in Tuojiang River Basin

作　　者：宋娇娇 汪艺梅 孙静[1] 方淑红[1] SONG Jiao-jiao;WANG Yi-mei;SUN Jing;FANG Shu-hong(College of Resources and Environment,Chengdu University of Information Technology,Chengdu 610225,China;Chongqing Ecological Environment Monitoring Center,Chonqing 401102,China)

机构地区：[1]成都信息工程大学资源环境学院,成都610225 [2]重庆市生态环境监测中心,重庆401102

出　　处：《环境科学》2022年第9期4522-4531,共10页Environmental Science

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(21607018);四川省科技计划项目(2021YJ0384)。

摘　　要：为研究沱江流域表层水中全氟/多氟化合物(PFASs)的污染特征和来源,采用超高效液相色谱-串联质谱(UPLC-MS/MS)分析了沱江48个表层水样中的PFASs.结果表明,沱江流域水体中ρ(∑PFASs)为12.5~3789 ng·L^(-1),其中全氟辛烷羧酸(PFOA)为最主要污染组分,ρ(PFOA)为9.97~3764 ng·L^(-1),占比高达73.6%~99.8%,说明传统PFASs仍是沱江流域主要的PFASs.所涉新兴PFASs检出率最高的为F-53B,检出率达100%,F-53B已在沱江流域被广泛使用.沱江流域浓度最高的新兴PFASs为6∶2氟调聚磺酸(6∶2 FTS)[nd~27.3 ng·L^(-1),平均值为(9.12±7.70)ng·L^(-1)],与国内外其它河流相比,处于较高污染水平.工业园区附近采样点的PFASs污染水平较高,其次为沱江下游的泸州河段,说明氟工业园区排放和人类日常生产活动是造成沱江流域PFASs污染的主要影响因素.最后,通过估算得出,沱江流域水相向长江排放的PFASs通量为353 kg·a^(-1),其中排放通量最高组分为PFOA(348 kg·a^(-1)),可为沱江流域PFASs管控提供基础数据.Forty-eight surface water samples were analyzed using ultra-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry(UPLC-MS/MS)in order to study the pollution characteristics and source apportionment of per-and polyfluoroalkylated substances(PFASs)in the Tuojiang River.The results showed that∑PFASs in the Tuojiang River ranged from 12.5-3789 ng·L^(-1),and perfluorooctanoic acid(PFOA)was the predominant PFAS,with a concentration of 9.97-3764 ng·L^(-1)(73.6%-99.8%),suggesting that legacy PFASs were still the dominant PFASs in the Tuojiang River.The most frequently detected emerging PFASs was 9-chlorohexadecafluoro-3-oxanonane-1-sulfonate(F-53 B),with a detection frequency of 100%,suggesting the wide use of F-53 B in the Tuojiang River.Sodium 1 H,1 H,2 H,2 H-perfluorooctane sulfonate(6∶2 FTS)displayed the highest concentration among all emerging PFASs[nd-27.3 ng·L^(-1),mean:(9.12±7.70)ng·L^(-1)],and the concentrations were at the higher levels compared to those in other rivers around the world.In addition,∑PFASs showed the highest concentrations of∑PFASs at the fluorochemical manufacturing park(FMP),followed by those in the Luzhou section(in the lower reaches of the Tuojiang River),indicating that the emission of FMP and human daily production activities were the main influencing factors of PFASs pollution in the Tuojiang River.The estimated flux of PFASs from the Tuojiang River to the Yangtze River was 353 kg·a^(-1),and PFOA displayed the greatest mass loading(348 kg·a^(-1)),which could provide the basic data for controlling PFASs in the Tuojiang River.

关 键 词：全氟/多氟化合物(PFASs) 沱江 污染特征 来源解析 排放通量 

分 类 号：X522[环境科学与工程—环境工程]