网络外部性对企业生产率的影响研究——以中国汽车制造业集群网络为例  

The impact of inter-cluster networks on firms’TFP:A case study of China’s automobile manufacturing industry

作　　者：林柄全 孙斌栋 LIN Bingquan;SUN Bindong(Department of Economics and Management,Party School of Jiangsu Provincial Committee of CPC,Nanjing 210009,China;Research Center for China Administrative Division,East China Normal University,Shanghai 200241,China;School of Urban and Regional Science,East China Normal University,Shanghai 200241,China;Institute of Eco-Chongming,Shanghai 202162,China)

机构地区：[1]中共江苏省委党校经济管理教研部,南京210009 [2]华东师范大学中国行政区划研究中心,上海200241 [3]华东师范大学城市与区域科学学院,上海200241 [4]崇明生态研究院,上海202162

出　　处：《地理研究》2022年第9期2385-2403,共19页Geographical Research

基　　金：国家社科基金青年项目(21CZZ033);中央高校基本科研业务费项目华东师范大学新文科创新平台(2022 ECNU-XWK-XK001);全国党校系统重点调研课题(2021DXXTZDDYKT033);中共江苏省委党校创新工程专项课题(CXKY2216)。

摘　　要：“全球集群网络”理论是经济地理学领域的新兴主题,是在产业集群研究方向上对“网络外部性”进行探讨。本文构建了网络外部性和集聚外部性影响企业TFP(全要素生产率)的理论分析框架,利用企业层面的专利数据和供应链合作数据,描绘中国汽车制造业产业集群之间的创新合作网络和供应链合作网络,并采用固定效应面板回归模型检验和对比网络外部性和集聚外部性对企业TFP的影响,结果显示:集群之间的供应链合作网络对企业TFP产生异质性的作用。对于具有稳定的供应链合作关系的企业,其所在的产业集群与其他集群的供应链合作有助于增加企业TFP;对于缺少稳定供应链合作关系的企业,其TFP的增加主要得益于集群内部密集的供应链合作引发的集聚外部性。进一步中介效应分析发现,网络外部性对TFP的影响是源于“学习机制”和“匹配机制”,即集群间的供应链合作能够提升企业研发能力、提高对供应链合作企业的匹配效率,从而提高企业TFP。研究结论丰富了全球集群网络的理论框架,并具有重要的政策参考价值。The debate between agglomeration externality and network externality is the current research hotspot in the field of regional science.With the intensification of globalization and localization,the cooperation of firms will be more frequent.In this context,Global Cluster Network is an emerging theme in the field of economic geography.We discuss network externality in the direction of industrial cluster.Since relational data to measure cooperation between clusters is difficult to obtain,most of the existing literature uses patent data to analyze innovation cooperation between clusters and firms’innovation performance.Existing research lacks the discussion on the total factor productivity of firms.The paper constructs a theoretical analysis framework for the influence of industrial clusters on TFP under different research paradigms,and uses firm-level patent data and supply chain cooperation data to describe the innovation cooperation network and supply chain in automobile manufacturing industry clusters cooperation networks,and use fixed effects panel regression models to compare and analyze the influences of network externality and agglomeration externality on TFP.Industrial clusters are widely networked by supply chain cooperation and innovation cooperation.Among them,supply chain cooperation between clusters is more intensive than innovation cooperation,but the average connection strength of the latter is greater than that of the former.The results show that the supply chain cooperation networks have significant and heterogeneous effects on TFP.For firms with stable supply chain cooperation relationships,for every 100 additional supply chain cooperation between their industrial clusters and other clusters,the firms’TFP will increase by 0.422.For firms lacking stable supply chain cooperation,the TFP is mainly due to the agglomeration externalities caused by intensive supply chain cooperation within the cluster.Further analysis of the mediation effect finds that the influence of network externalities on TFP st

关 键 词：集群网络 网络外部性 供应链合作 企业全要素生产率 汽车制造业 

分 类 号：F426.471[经济管理—产业经济]