设计初期建筑HVAC负荷敏感性分析:城市环境下的购物中心  

Sensitivity analysis of building HVAC load in early design:shopping centers in urban environments

作　　者：魏莱 刘刚[1,2] 黄文龙[3] 董伟星 WEI Lai;LIU Gang;HUANG Wenlong;DONG Weixing(a.School of Architecture,Tianjin University,Tianjin 300072,P.R.China;Tianjin Key Laboratory of Architectural Physical Environment and Ecological Technologies,Tianjin University,Tianjin 300072,P.R.China;China Construction Engineering Design Group Corporation Limited,Beijing 100037,P.R.China)

机构地区：[1]天津大学建筑学院,天津300072 [2]天津大学天津市建筑物理环境与生态技术重点实验室,天津300072 [3]中国中建设计集团有限公司,北京100037

出　　处：《重庆大学学报》2022年第9期95-105,共11页Journal of Chongqing University

基　　金：国家重点研发计划(2016YFC0700200);高等学校学科创新引智计划(B13011)。

摘　　要：城市环境及设计参数的多样性使购物中心的冷热负荷具有多重不确定性。通过3种典型购物中心在2种城市环境下的敏感性分析,旨在确定寒冷气候下的关键设计参数。采用拉丁超立方抽样获得200种设计组合方式,通过不确定性及敏感性分析,得到购物中心冷热负荷的波动情况及16个设计参数的敏感性排序。不确定性分析表明,设计参数引起全年HVAC(供暖通风与空气调节)负荷高达62.3%的变化,热负荷的变化幅度是冷负荷的5倍;敏感性分析表明,入口风速、天窗屋顶面积比和屋面传热系数是影响寒冷地区购物中心的建筑全年HVAC负荷的3个重要设计参数;城市环境影响表明,建筑密集地区对冷负荷的需求低于空旷地区,同时,外窗太阳得热系数的敏感性在空旷地区明显高于建筑密集地区。The diversity of urban environment and design parameters makes the shopping center’s heating and cooling loads have multiple uncertainties.Through the sensitivity analysis of three typical shopping centers in two urban environments,this paper aims to determine the key design parameters in cold region.Latin Hypercube Sampling was used to obtain 200 design combinations.Based on uncertainty and sensitivity analysis,the cooling and heating load fluctuations of the shopping center and the sensitivity ranking of 16 design parameters were obtained.Uncertainty analysis shows that the design parameters cause the HVAC(heating,ventilation and air conditioning)load to fluctuate up to 62.3%,and the change in heating load is 5 times of that in cooling load.Sensitivity analysis shows that the entrance wind speed,the ratio of skylight area to roof area,and roof U-value are three important design parameters that affect the building HVAC load of shopping centers in cold region.The urban environmental impact shows that the demand for cooling load in the high-density area is lower than that in the low-density of the city.Meanwhile,the sensitivity of the window solar heat gain coefficient is significantly higher in the open areas than in the high-density built areas.

关 键 词：设计初期 购物中心 敏感性分析 建筑HVAC负荷 城市环境 

分 类 号：TU111.48[建筑科学—建筑理论]