基于主成分聚类法的典型黑土区土壤地球化学分类  

Geochemical classification of the soil in a typical black soil area using the principal component analysis combined with K-means clustering algorithm

作　　者：刘凯[1,2,3] 戴慧敏 刘国栋[1,2,3] 宋运红 梁帅 杨泽[1,2,3] LIU Kai;DAI Hui-Min;LIU Guo-Dong;SONG Yun-Hong;LIANG Shuai;YANG Ze(Shenyang Center of China Geological Survey,Shenyang 110034,China;Key Laboratory of Black Soil Evolution and Ecological Effect,Ministry of Natural Resources,Shenyang 110034,China;Key Laboratory of Black Soil Evolution and Ecological Effect,Liaoning Province,Shenyang 110034,China)

机构地区：[1]中国地质调查局沈阳地质调查中心,辽宁沈阳110034 [2]自然资源部黑土地演化与生态效应重点实验室,辽宁沈阳110034 [3]辽宁省黑土地演化与生态效应重点实验室,辽宁沈阳110034

出　　处：《物探与化探》2022年第5期1132-1140,共9页Geophysical and Geochemical Exploration

基　　金：中国地质调查局项目“东北黑土地1∶25万土地质量地球化学调查”(121201007000161312);“兴凯湖平原及松辽平原西部土地质量地球化学调查”(DD20190520)。

摘　　要：土壤地球化学分类对农业区划和生态区划具有指导意义。本文基于多目标区域地球化学调查获取的土壤常量元素数据,利用主成分分析和K均值聚类组合方法——主成分聚类法,对东北典型黑土区进行地球化学分类研究。结果显示:成土母质是土壤常量元素特征的主要控制因素,利用主成分聚类法将典型黑土区土壤样品划分为5类最为合理,各类样品的常量元素含量具有显著性差异(P<0.05)。土壤地球化学分类结果与第四纪地质单元有一定的对应关系,而分类结果更能反映成土母质的真实分布情况。同时,松花江南部黑土区较高的SiO含量指示了黑土的沙化生态问题,在黑土地保护中应给予重视。The geochemical classification of soils is significant for agricultural and ecological regionalization. Based on the data on major elements in soil obtained from the multi-purpose regional geochemical survey, this study conducted the geochemical classification for a typical black soil area in northeast China using the principal component analysis combined with the K-means clustering algorithm(also referred to as the principal component clustering method). The results are as follows. The soil parent materials are the main factor controlling the characteristics of major elements in the soil. It is the most appropriate to divide the soil samples from the typical black soil area into five categories using the principal component clustering method. Various samples had significantly different major element contents(P<0.05). The geochemical classification results corresponded to the Quaternary geological units to a certain degree and can better reflect the actual distribution of soil parent materials. Moreover, the high SiOcontent in the black soil area in the southern Songhua River indicates desertification, to which much attention should be paid in the protection of the black soil.

关 键 词：黑土区 常量元素 地球化学 成土母质 沙化 

分 类 号：P632[天文地球—地质矿产勘探]