Likert式计分法应用于卫生健康标准实施效果评估的可行性研究  

Feasibility Research on the Application of Likert Scoring Method in the Evaluation of Implementation Effect of Health Standards

作　　者：刘拓[1] 朱秋鸿[1] LIU Tuo;ZHU Qiuhong(National Institute of Occupational Health and Poison Control,Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Beijing 100050,China)

机构地区：[1]中国疾病预防控制中心职业卫生与中毒控制所职业卫生标准研究室,北京100050

出　　处：《中国卫生标准管理》2022年第16期1-6,共6页China Health Standard Management

基　　金：中国疾控中心职业卫生所职业健康风险评估与国家职业卫生标准制定(131031109000160004)。

摘　　要：目的梳理归纳Likert式调查问卷编制过程中的注意事项,并探讨Likert式计分数据的分析策略。方法以“Likert”OR“李克特”为检索词,检索万方、知网、维普和PubMed数据库,结合文献报道、卫生健康标准的特点和既往调查实践经验,归纳调查问卷编制过程中的注意事项和数据分析策略。结果卫生健康标准实施效果评估领域Likert式调查问卷的编制原则包括目的明确、框架合理、简洁灵活;编制过程中的常见问题有问题定位偏失、界限不清、表述不切。Likert式计分数据的分析策略包括将Likert式计分视为等级变量和赋值后转化为计量资料两类,前者包括Spearman相关性分析、秩和检验、关联规则、社会网络分析等分析方法,后者包括直接赋值法、等级赋分模型、多面Rasch模型等。结论卫生健康标准实施效果评估领域应加大Likert式调查问卷编制和数据分析的研究,构建共性评估框架、问题表述方式、选项的等级设置和数据分析策略。Objective To sort out the points for attention in the preparation of Likert questionnaire,and to discusse the analysis strategy of Likert scoring data.Methods With"Likert"as the key words,Wanfang,CNKI,VIP and PubMed databases were searched.Combined with literature reports,characteristics of health standards and previous survey practice experience,the pointsfor attention in questionnaire compilation and data analysis strategies were summarized.Results The compilation principles of Likert-style questionnaires in the field of health standards implementation effect evaluation included clear purpose,reasonable framework,concise and flexible;common problems in the compilation process included biased positioning,unclear boundaries,and inappropriate expressions.The analysis strategy of Likert-type scoring data included two categories:treating Likert-type scoring as a rank variable and converting it into measurement data after assignment.The former included analysis methods such as Spearman correlation analysis,rank sum test,association rules,and social network analysis.These included direct assignment method,graded assignment model,multi-faceted Rasch model,etc.Conclusion In the field of evaluation of the implementation effect of health standards,more Likert questionnaire compilation and data analysis research should be carried out,and common evaluation framework,question expression mode,option level setting and data analysis strategy should be constructed.

关 键 词：卫生健康标准 实施效果评估 Likert式计分法 应用研究 实施要点 标准实施 

分 类 号：R19[医药卫生—卫生事业管理]