庚申之变——1860年英法联军在北京研究  

The Incident of Gengsheng——A Study of the British and French Allied Forces in Peking in 1860

作　　者：欧阳哲生[1] Ouyang Zhesheng

机构地区：[1]北京大学历史学系,北京100871

出　　处：《清华大学学报（哲学社会科学版）》2022年第5期32-49,209,共19页Journal of Tsinghua University(Philosophy and Social Sciences)

摘　　要：英法联军侵入北京是第二次鸦片战争的终曲。近年翻译出版《圆明园劫难记忆译丛》披露的英、法文献材料,深度地展现了英法联军对圆明园从洗劫到焚烧的实施、占领安定门后对北京城墙的观测和预案、清朝被迫与英法签订《北京条约》现场的内情。透露了过去诸多不为人知的重要细节,如英法联军之间的分歧,《北京条约》签约前清朝赔偿的50万两白银,法、俄传教士与联军的密切配合。重审这些历史文献,有必要对清廷防御策略的失误所造成的惨败结局、气候与战争的关系做出切实的省思。The invasion of Peking by the Anglo-French allied forces was the finale of the second Opium War. TheBritish and French materials exposed in the publications and translation ofMemories of the Disaster in the Old Summer Palacein recent years profoundly reveals the implementation of the British and French coalitionforces: from looting to burning of the Old Summer Palace;observation and planning of Beijing city wallsubsequent to their occupying Anding Gate and also insider information on the signing scene of Conventionof Peking between the Qing Dynasty and Britain and France. It also uncovers many important details thatwere unknown in the past such as: the divergence between the British and French coalition forces;the500 000 taels of silver compensated by the Qing Dynasty before the signing of Convention of Peking and theclose collaboration between French and Russian missionaries and the coalition forces. Revisiting these historical documents makes it necessary to reflect on how the Qing court’s incorrect defense strategy resultedin a disastrous outcome as well as new knowledge of the relationship between climate and war.

关 键 词：第二次鸦片战争 英法联军 恭亲王 圆明园 北京条约 

分 类 号：K255[历史地理—历史学] D829[历史地理—中国史]