青少年特发性脊柱侧凸手术患者出院计划健康教育方案的构建  

Construction of health education scheme for discharge planning of adolescent idiopathic scoliosis surgery patients

作　　者：章雪芳 郑林宏[1] 黄云飞 张婧珺 徐亚维 惠华[1] 闫航[1] 杨明[4] Zhang Xuefang;Zheng Linhong;Huang Yunfei;Zhang Jingjun;Xu Yawei;Hui Hua;Yan Hang;Yang Ming(Department of Disc and Deformative Spine Surgery,Honghui Hospital,Xi'an Jiaotong University,Xi'an 710054,China;School of Nursing,Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center,Xi'an 710061,China;Department of Lumbar Spine Surgery,Honghui Hospital,Xi'an Jiaotong University,Xi'an 710054,China;Department of Cervical Spine Surgery,Honghui Hospital,Xi'an Jiaotong University,Xi'an 710054,China)

机构地区：[1]西安交通大学附属红会医院脊柱病医院椎间盘与畸形病区,西安710054 [2]西安交通大学医学部护理系,西安710061 [3]西安交通大学附属红会医院脊柱病医院腰椎病区,西安710054 [4]西安交通大学附属红会医院脊柱病医院颈椎病区,西安710054

出　　处：《中华现代护理杂志》2022年第27期3686-3693,共8页Chinese Journal of Modern Nursing

基　　金：陕西省自然科学基础研究计划(2018JM7082070)。

摘　　要：目的构建青少年特发性脊柱侧凸手术患者出院计划相关健康教育方案,为青少年特发性脊柱侧凸手术患者提供系统、规范的出院计划相关健康教育。方法2021年1—6月,通过文献回顾和半结构式访谈,拟定青少年特发性脊柱侧凸手术患者出院计划相关健康教育方案初稿,采用德尔菲法对15名专家进行2轮函询,根据专家函询意见确定最终版出院计划相关健康教育方案。结果2轮专家函询问卷的有效回收率均为100.0%,专家权威程度系数分别为0.93、0.94,专家意见的肯德尔和谐系数分别为0.251、0.273(P<0.01)。最终根据患者及照顾者入院当日、手术前1 d、手术当日、术后第1天、出院前1 d、出院当日、出院后1周共7个时间段的健康需求构建的健康教育方案包含一级条目7个,二级条目24个,三级条目78个。结论本研究构建的青少年特发性脊柱侧凸手术患者出院计划相关健康教育方案设计科学合理,内容全面、可靠,临床实用性强,对青少年特发性脊柱侧凸手术患者有效实施出院计划具有重要意义。Objective To build a health education scheme related to discharge planning for adolescent idiopathic scoliosis surgery patients,and provide systematic and standardized health education related to discharge planning for adolescent idiopathic scoliosis surgery patients.Methods From January to June 2021,through literature review and semi-structured interviews,the first draft of health education scheme for discharge planning of adolescent idiopathic scoliosis surgery patients was formulated.The Delphi method was used to conduct 2 rounds of consultation with 15 experts,and the final version of the health education scheme for the discharge plan was determined according to the expert consultation.Results The effective recovery rates of the 2 rounds of expert consultation questionnaires were both 100.0%,the coefficients of expert authority were 0.93 and 0.94,and the Kendall's harmony coefficients of expert opinions were 0.251 and 0.273(P<0.01).Finally,the health education program was constructed according to the health needs of patients and caregivers at 7 time periods including admission day,1 day before surgery,operation day,postoperative day 1,1 day before discharge,discharge day and 1 week after discharge,including 7 first-level items,24 second-level items,and 78 third-level items.Conclusions The health education scheme related to the discharge plan for adolescent idiopathic scoliosis surgery patients constructed in this study is scientific and reasonable in design,comprehensive,reliable and clinically practical.It is of great significance for the effective implementation of the discharge plan for adolescent idiopathic scoliosis surgery patients.

关 键 词：护理 脊柱矫形术 青少年特发性脊柱侧凸 出院计划 健康教育 方案构建 

分 类 号：R473.6[医药卫生—护理学]