不同截止高度角BDS/GPS/Galileo单历元RTK定位性能分析  

Performance Assessment of BDS/GPS/Galileo Single-Epoch RTK under Different Cut-off Elevation Angles

作　　者：钟海林 高睿 张宝成 ZHONG Hailin;GAO Rui;ZHANG Baocheng(Innovation Academy for Precision Measurement Science and Technology,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Wuhan,Hubei 430071,China;University of Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100049,China)

机构地区：[1]中国科学院精密测量科学与技术创新研究院,湖北武汉430071 [2]中国科学院大学,北京100049

出　　处：《数据与计算发展前沿》2022年第4期13-24,共12页Frontiers of Data & Computing

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(41774042,42174034);湖北省重点研发计划(2020BHB014)。

摘　　要：【目的】为探究北斗卫星导航系统(BeiDou Navigation Satellite System,BDS)、GPS(Global Positioning System)、Galileo单系统及组合系统在中国地区不同截止高度角下单历元双频RTK(Real-Time Kinematic)定位性能,对武汉境内一条短基线进行分析研究。【方法】采用双差RTK模型对短基线数据进行解算,并通过LAMBDA(Least-square AMBiguity Decorrelation Adjustment)法固定模糊度,得到各单系统及组合系统的单历元基线解。【结论】结果表明:在中国地区内的相同截止高度角下,单BDS的综合RTK定位性能明显优于单GPS和单Galileo。在50°大截至高度角下,GPS和Galileo基本丧失独立RTK定位性能,而单BDS仍能保持100%的历元解算率和近乎100%的模糊度固定成功率以实现连续、可靠的高精度单历元RTK定位,在中国境内一些遮挡严重的复杂环境地区(如城市峡谷),BDS相较于其它两个单系统明显更有优势;且GPS+BDS和GPS+BDS+Galileo组合不仅可以有效改善单BDS的浮点解精度和固定解的垂直精度,同时提高了单BDS在极端高度角下历元解算率和模糊度的固定成功率,进一步增强了单BDS在遮挡环境中的适用性。[Objective]To explore the single-epoch dual-frequency RTK(Real-Time Kinematic)performance of BDS(BeiDou Navigation Satellite System)-only,GPS(Global Positioning System)-only,Galileo-only systems and combined systems under different cut-off elevation angles in China,a short-baseline data collected in Wuhan was analyzed.[Methods]The double-differenced RTK model and the LAMBDA(Least-square AMBiguity Decorrelation Adjustment)method were used for short-baseline resolution and ambiguity resolution respectively to get the single-epoch solution of a single system and combined systems.[Conclusions]The results show that the RTK positioning performance of the BDS-only system is better than GPS-only and Galileo-only systems under the same cut-off elevation angles in China.Under the large cut-off elevation angle of 50°,GPS-only and Galileo-only systems nearly lose their RTK positioning ability,while the BDS-only system can still keep up a 100%epoch solution rate and almost 100%ambiguity success rate to achieve continuous,reliable,and high-precision RTK positioning.In some complex environments(urban canyons)with serious occlusion in China,the BDS-only system has an obvious advantage compared to GPS-only and Galileo-only systems.The combined GPS+BDS and GPS+BDS+Galileo system can not only effectively improve the accuracy of the float solution and the vertical accuracy of the fixed solution,but also improve the epoch solution rate and ambiguity success rate based on the BDS-only system,and further enhances the applicability of BDS-only system in occlusion environment.

关 键 词：双差 北斗卫星导航系统 实时动态差分 截止高度角 

分 类 号：P228.4[天文地球—大地测量学与测量工程]