非国家行为体在推动公共产品研发与可及中的作用——以中国儿童营养包为例  

The role of non-state actors in promoting R&D and accessibility of public goods:A case study of Chinese children s nutrition packs

作　　者：杨明芳 尹慧[1] 孙一诺 马继炎 张开宣 黄旸木[1] YANG Ming-fang;YIN Hui;SUN Yi-nuo;MA Ji-yan;ZHANG Kai-xuan;HUANG Yang-mu(Department of Global Health,School of Public Health,Peking University,Beijing 100191,China)

机构地区：[1]北京大学公共卫生学院全球卫生学系,北京100191

出　　处：《卫生软科学》2022年第10期69-73,共5页Soft Science of Health

摘　　要：[目的]通过梳理中国儿童营养包研发与可及过程中不同非国家行为体的行动,分析中国不同非国家行为体在推动公共产品研发与可及中的作用及其可持续发展路径。[方法]对参与儿童营养包研发与可及的非政府组织、私营部门、慈善基金会、学术机构等不同行为体的关键知情人进行一对一深入访谈和焦点小组访谈,采用滚雪球抽样直至信息饱和,同时请访谈对象提供相关灰色文献,运用主题框架法对访谈资料及灰色文献进行编码、归类和总结。[结果]不同类型的非国家行为体在推动营养包研发与可及的不同阶段,通过多种合作范式,优势互补,形成合力。其中,学术机构主要在营养包研发初期发挥主导作用,慈善基金会和非政府组织在开展营养包试点项目和推广初期发挥关键作用,而私营部门在营养包研发后期及推动可及的过程中发挥积极作用并持续推动产品优化。[结论]非国家行为体在推动儿童营养包研发与可及过程中发挥关键作用,应以儿童营养包为范例,进一步鼓励不同非国家行为体发挥自身优势,形成互补效应,积极参与推动各类公共产品的创新和可及。Objective By sorting out the actions of different non-state actors(NSA)in the research and development(R&D)and accessibility of Chinese children s nutrition packs,analyze the role of NSA in promoting the R&D and accessibility of public goods and the sustainable development way.Methods In-depth one-on-one interviews and focus groups interviews from different actors involved in the R&D and accessibility of child nutrition packs,including NSA,private sector,philanthropic foundation and academic institution,used snowballing sampling until information saturation.At the same time,the interviewees were asked to provide relevant grey literature,and thematic framework Methods was used to code,classify and summarize the interview data and grey literature.Results Different types of NSA actors in different stages of promoting nutrition packs R&D and accessibility,and form a joint force with a variety of cooperation paradigms,and complementary advantages.Among them,academic institutions mainly play a leading role in the early stages of research of nutrition packs,charitable foundations and non-government organizations focus on pilot projects and the promotion in the early stage,the private sectors contribute mainly in the later stages of development and accessibility and continue to promote product optimization.Conclusions NSA actors play an important role in promoting the R&D and accessibility of Chinese nutrition packs.We should take child nutrition packs as an example,further encourage different NSA actors give full play to their advantages,form complementary effects to actively participate in promoting innovation and accessibility of all kinds of public goods.

关 键 词：非国家行为体 公共产品 研发与可及 儿童营养包 

分 类 号：R179[医药卫生—妇幼卫生保健]