断陷盆地多类型斜坡形成与油气差异富集规律——以渤海湾盆地为例  

Formation and differential enrichment of oil and gas on multiple types of slopes in rifted basins:Taking the Bohai Bay Basin as an example,China

作　　者：刘海涛[1] 于海涛[2] 孙雨[2] 姜文亚[3] 杨光达[4] 王名巍 王建伟[6] LIU HaiTao;YU HaiTao;SUN Yu;JIANG WenYa;YANG GuangDa;WANG MingWei;WANG JianWei(Research Institute of Petroleum Exploration and Development,PetroChina,Beijing 100083,China;College of Earth Sciences,Northeast Petroleum University,Daqing 163318,China;Dagang Oilfield Company,PetroChina,Tianjin 300280,China;Liaohe Oilfield Company,PetroChina,Panjin 124010,China;Huabei Oilfield Company,PetroChina,Renqiu 062550,China;Jidong Oilfield Company,PetroChina,Tangshan 063004,China)

机构地区：[1]中国石油勘探开发研究院,北京100083 [2]东北石油大学地球科学学院,大庆163318 [3]中国石油大港油田公司,天津300280 [4]中国石油辽河油田公司,盘锦124010 [5]中国石油华北油田公司,任丘062550 [6]中国石油冀东油田公司,唐山063004

出　　处：《岩石学报》2022年第9期2697-2708,共12页Acta Petrologica Sinica

基　　金：中石油股份公司“十四五”前瞻性重大项目(2021DJ07);东北石油大学校级研究生创新科研项目(YJSCX2017-002NEPU)联合资助.

摘　　要：断陷盆地受裂陷期分割作用,发育多类型斜坡,不同类型斜坡油气富集规律不同。本文以渤海湾盆地古近系为例,基于“构造-砂体-成藏”研究主线,分析不同类型斜坡成因机制、结构及分布特征,构建不同类型斜坡源-汇体系及控砂模式,明确不同类型斜坡油气差异成藏与富集规律。研究结果表明:根据基底沉降和断裂活动的差异性,将渤海湾盆地斜坡划分为沉降型、构造型及反转型三大类共六亚类。受不同斜坡所处的区域构造应力场与构造演化特征影响,西部主要以沉降型与反转型斜坡为主,中部以沉降型与构造型为主,东部以构造型与反转型斜坡为主。不同类型斜坡的沉积特征、沉积模式及控砂机制存在明显的差异性,共建立“侵蚀、调节沟槽输砂,水系-地貌控砂”、“侵蚀、断控沟槽输砂,地貌控砂,挠曲坡-坪体系控砂”、“侵蚀、调节沟槽输砂,断裂坡-折体系控砂”、“陡坡调节沟槽输砂,物源-地貌控砂”五种控砂机制及六种砂体分布模式。沉降型斜坡输导体系主体为砂层输导或砂层-断裂短距离中长距离复合输导,多形成岩性油气藏、岩性-构造油气藏;构造型斜坡主体为砂层-断裂中长距离复合输导多形成岩性-构造油气藏;反转型斜坡主体为砂层输导或砂层-断裂短距离或中长距离复合输导,多为岩性油气藏或断块油气藏。There were many types of slopes developed in the faulted basins,which were divided by the rifting period,and the oil and gas enrichment rules of different types of slopes were different.Taking the Paleogene of the Bohai Bay Basin as an example,this paper took the structure-sandbody-accumulation as the main line to analyze the genetic mechanism,structure and distribution characteristics of different types of slopes,construct different types of slope source-sink systems and sand control models,and identify different types of slopes,and clarify the differential hydrocarbon accumulation and enrichment laws of different types of slopes.The research results show that:according to the difference of basement subsidence and fault activity,the slopes of the Bohai Bay Basin are divided into three categories such as subsidence type,tectonic type and inverted type,totaling six subtypes.Affected by the regional tectonic stress field and tectonic evolution characteristics where different slopes are located,the western slopes are dominated by subsidence and inversion slopes,the central part is dominated by subsidence and tectonic slopes,and the east is dominated by tectonic and inversion slopes.There are obvious differences in the depositional characteristics,depositional models and sand control mechanisms of different types of slopes.Five sand control mechanisms such as erosion-regulation of trench sand transport,water system-geomorphic sand control,erosion-fault control trench sand transport,flexural slope-flat system sand control,erosion-fault control trench sand transport,landform sand control,erosion-regulating trench sand transport,fracture slope-break system sand control,steep slope adjustment trench for sand transport,provenance-geomorphic sand control and six sand body distribution models are established.Subsidence slopes are mainly conducted by sand layers or sand layer-faults through short or medium-long distance composite transportation,and mostly form lithologic oil and gas reservoirs and lithologic-structural oil a

关 键 词：渤海湾盆地 斜坡 构造演化 油气差异富集 勘探领域评价 

分 类 号：P542[天文地球—构造地质学] P618.13[天文地球—地质学]