4种牧草种子在不同逆境下的萌发特性  

Study on germination characteristics of four forage seeds under different stresses

作　　者：高献磊 包赛很那 周忠义 张佳慧 王传旗 龙建廷 王向涛[1] 苗彦军[1] GAO Xianlei;Baosaihenna;ZHOU Zhongyi;ZHANG Jiahui;WANG Chuanqi;LONG Jianting;WANG Xiangtao;MIAO Yanjun(Tibet Agriculture and Aninmal Husbandy University,Linzhi 860000,Tibet,China;Yakeshi Forestry and Grassland Development Center,Hulunbuir 022150,Inner Mongolia,China;Qinghai Academy of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine,Qinghai University,Xining 810016,Qinghai,China)

机构地区：[1]西藏农牧学院,西藏林芝860000 [2]牙克石市林业和草原事业发展中心,内蒙古呼伦贝尔022150 [3]青海大学畜牧兽医科学院,青海西宁810016

出　　处：《草业科学》2022年第9期1823-1831,共9页Pratacultural Science

基　　金：西藏自治区科技厅重点项目(XZ202001ZY0057G);西藏高寒优良牧草种质资源选育平台(533320005);西北农林科技大学-西藏农牧学院联合基金项(2452020044)。

摘　　要：为了探究牧草种子萌发期的抗逆性,本研究使用NaCl和聚乙二醇(PEG-6000)分别模拟盐胁迫(0、0.2%、0.4%、 0.6%和0.8%)和干旱胁迫(0、 5%、 10%、 15%和20%),测定沙打旺(Astragalus adsurgens)、沙蒿(Artemisia desertorum)、黄花草木樨(Melilotus officinalis)和黄花苜蓿(Medicago falcata) 4种供试物种萌发期抗逆性指标(相对发芽率、相对发芽势、相对发芽指数和相对活力指数)。结果表明:1)随着NaCl浓度的增加,种子各指标均呈下降趋势,隶属函数法综合评价结果显示,供试牧草萌发期耐盐性强弱依次表现为黄花苜蓿>沙蒿>黄花草木樨>沙打旺。2)低浓度PEG (5%)胁迫处理,对沙蒿、沙打旺和黄花草木樨3种牧草种子萌发指数具有明显的促进作用;与对照组相比,10%~20%PEG下各指标显著低于对照组(P <0.05);采用隶属函数法分析4种牧草的萌发期抗旱性,强弱依次表现为黄花苜蓿>黄花草木樨>沙蒿>沙打旺。说明黄花苜蓿种子萌发期抗旱性、耐盐性均为最强。In order to explore the stress resistance of forage seeds during the germination period, in this study, NaCl and polyethylene glycol(PEG-6000) were used to simulate salt and drought stress, respectively, on the germination of four test species, Astragalus adsurgens, Artemisia desertorum, Melilotus officinalis, and Medicago falcata The stress resistance indexes were relative germination rate, relative germination potential, relative germination index, and relative vigor index.The results showed that: 1) with increased NaCl concentration, all indexes of seeds showed a downward trend. The membership function method was used to comprehensively evaluate the salt tolerance of the tested species at the germination stage;the order of salt tolerance was: M. falcata > A. desertorum > M. officinalis > A. adsurgen. 2) Low-concentration PEG(5%) stress treatment significantly promoted the seed germination index of three forage grasses, A. adsurgen, A. desertorum,and M. falcata, compared with the control group. Each index under 10%~20% PEG was significantly lower than that of the control group(P < 0.05). The membership function method was used to analyze the drought resistance of the four forage species at the germination stage. The comprehensive ranking was as follows: M. falcata > M. officinalis > A. desertorum > A.adsurgen. This indicated that the seeds of M. falcata had the strongest drought resistance and salt tolerance at the germination stage.

关 键 词：耐旱性 耐盐性 豆科植物 相对发芽指数 相对活力指数 隶属函数 西藏 

分 类 号：S54[农业科学—作物学]